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Topic: Musical notation

	Music - EnchantedLearning.com
		Match the musical notes and rests to their names and values.
		The picture shows three children with musical instruments (a drum, a guitar and a xylophone) and one child with no instrument.
		Label the musical terms, including the clefs, the parts of a note, time signatures, repeats, accidentals, and so on.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /music (691 words)

	Musical Notation - LoveToKnow 1911
		It is probable that the earliest attempts at notation were made by the Hindus and Chinese, from whom the legacy was transferred to Greece.
		Indications of a scheme of notation based, not on the alphabet, but on the use of dashes, hooks, curves, dots and strokes are found to exist as early as the 6th century, while specimens in illustration of this different method do not appear until the 8th.
		In the fl notation, which led to the modern system, the square note with a tail (1) is the long sound; the square note 2 The principles of Franco are found in the treatises of Walter Odington, a monk of Evesham who became archbishop of Canterbury in 1228.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Musical_Notation (1277 words)

	Straight Dope Staff Report: Who invented musical notation?
		Probably this would sound strange to those of us used to music having four beats to the measure (as the vast majority of western music does).
		Musical notation systems initially showed great variety, but in the 17th and 18th centuries now-familiar forms such as the key signature, note forms, time signatures, etc., began to be standardized.
		Almost all other western music uses the same notation, which when you think about it is a remarkable feat.
	www.straightdope.com /mailbag/mmusicnotes.html (810 words)

	Wikipedia: Musical notation
		Present day standard music notation is based on a five-line staff with symbols for each note showing duration and pitch in twelve tone equal temperament.
		It is not used to notate music for performance, but is a common analytical and compositional tool when working with twelve tone, serial, or otherwise atonal music.
		Some times the pitches of music written in just intonation are notated with the frequency ratios, while Ben Johnston has devised a system for representing just intonation with traditional western notation and the addition of accidentals which indicate the centss a pitch is to be lowered or raised.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/m/mu/musical_notation.html (1880 words)

	Musical notation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Scholar and music theorist Isidore of Seville, writing in the early 7th century, famously remarked that it was impossible to notate music.
		By the middle of the 9th century, however, a form of notation began to develop in monasteries in Europe for Gregorian chant, using symbols known as neumes; the earliest surviving musical notation of this type is in the Musica disciplina of Aurelian of Réôme, from about 850.
		The earliest known music notation was encoded in cuneiform script in the region of Mesopotamia, with surviving examples dating as far back as the middle of the second millennium B.C.E. Later civilizations, most notably that of Ancient Greece, developed their own forms of notation, which were often written on sheets or scrolls of papyrus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Musical_notation (4354 words)

	musical notation - Encyclopedia.com
		Notation of Gregorian chant was by means of neumes, which are thought to have been derived from symbols used in the Greek language to indicate pitch inflection.
		The essential problems in pitch notation, the use of both lines and spaces to indicate successive scale degrees and the use of extra symbols to indicate raising or lowering a tone by a half step, were solved comparatively rapidly.
		Notation for electronic music is still not standardized but generally uses traditional reference symbols (staff and clef signs) in conjunction with specially adapted pitch and rhythm notation.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc.aspx?id=1E1:musicaln (1132 words)

	Musical Notation - MSN Encarta
		For instance, the longest note in modern notation, the breve, derives from the Latin word meaning “short”, while the minim, a quarter of its value, derives from the Latin word meaning “shortest” (although the appearance of both notes is different from the medieval originals).
		One such development has been “box notation” (used by Lutosławski and many others) in which a musical phrase is enclosed in a box followed by an arrow, showing that the phrase is to be repeated ad lib until the next signal from the conductor, either in co-ordination with another player or freely.
		Composers of aleatoric compositions leave many elements deliberately vague and to chance; this is also true of their unconventional notation, which often uses nonmusical symbols and graphics to evoke an individual response from the performer; thus no two performances are the same.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761562730/Musical_Notation.html (1232 words)

	Musical notation
		Music notation is the practice, science and art of describing music in symbolic form.
		Music notes are represented by drawing note heads on the lines and spaces of the staff to represent pitches.
		These did not initially divide the music into measures of equal length (as most music then was far less rhythmic than in later periods), but appear to have been introduced as an aid to the eye for "lining up" notes on different staffs that were to be played or sung at the same time.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/m/mu/musical_notation.html (908 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Musical notation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Notation conventions for percussionnists is varied because of the atonality of the set of instruments available such as with a drum kit.
		Indications of a scheme of notation based, not on the alphabet, but on the use of dashes, hooks, curves, dots and strokes are found to exist as early as the 6th century, while specimens in.
		In the fl notation, which led to the modern system, the square note with a tail (~) is the long sound; the square note without a tail (.) is the breve; and the lozenge shape (4) is the semibreve.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Musical-notation (456 words)

	Musical_notation
		Present day standard music notation is based on a five-line staff with symbols for each note showing duration and pitch in twelve tone equal temperament.
		Ancient Greece had a sophisticated form of musical notation, which was in use from at least the 6th century BC until approximately the 4th century AD; many fragments of compositions using this notation survive.
		In East Asia, as later in India and elsewhere in Asia, music was notated with the use of characters for sounds.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/m/mu/musical_notation.html (3696 words)

	Musical notation - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		In integer notation, or the integer model of pitch, all pitch classes and intervals between pitch classes are designated using the numbers 0 through 11, as in modulo 12.
		It is not used to notate music for performance, but is a common analytical and compositional tool when working with twelve tone, serial, or otherwise atonal music.
		This notation may be used to represent all traditional permutations of a tone row or set in a matrix.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/m/u/s/Musical_notation.html (2790 words)

	Learn more about Musical notation in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Present day standard music notation is based on a five-line staff with symbols for each note showing pitch and duration.
		A score for ensemble music includes multiple systems, as does most organ music (where the pedals are written as a seperate system).
		Tablature was again used in the late 20th century and early 21st century for popular guitar music.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /m/mu/musical_notation.html (1522 words)

	The Classical Musical notation Dictonary Page on Classic Cat
		Scholar and music theorist Isidore of Seville, writing in the early 7th century, famously remarked that it was impossible to notate music.
		By the middle of the 9th century, however, a form of notation began to develop in monasteries in Europe for Gregorian chant, using symbols known as neumes; the earliest surviving musical notation of this type is in the Musica disciplina of Aurelian of Réôme, from about 850.
		It is not used to notate music for performance, but is a common analytical and compositional tool when working with chromatic music, including twelve tone, serial, or otherwise atonal music.
	www.classiccat.net /dictionary/musical_notation.htm (4545 words)

	Musical notation
		There is some evidence that a kind of musical notation was practiced by the Egyptians from the 3rd millennium BC and by others in the Orient in ancient times.
		In Europe, on the other hand, the foundations were laid for a purely symbolic notation of music, which does not seem to have been brought to existence anywhere else.
		Notational centricity also encourages "reification: the score comes to be seen as 'the music', or perhaps the music in an ideal form."
	www.mp3.fm /Musical_notation.htm (2123 words)

	Musical notation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Music notation is a system of writing for The term sheet music is used for written music to from audio recordings.
		Present day standard music notation is based a five-line staff with symbols for each note showing and pitch in twelve tone equal temperament.
		Some times the pitches music written in just intonation are notated the frequency ratios while Ben Johnston has devised a system for representing intonation with traditional western notation and the of accidentals which indicate the cents a pitch is to be lowered raised.
	www.freeglossary.com /Integer_notation (2256 words)

	ipedia.com: Musical notation Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Tonic Sol-fa is a type of notation using the initial letters of solfege.
		Braille music is a complete, well developed, and internationally accepted musical notation system that has symbols and notational conventions quite independent of print music notation.
		Klavar notation is a chromatic system of notation geared toward keyboard instruments, that is said by its adherents to be easier to learn than standard notation.
	www.ipedia.com /musical_notation.html (2074 words)

	Swar lippi, Indian Musical Notation
		This is not the case; musical notation in India extends back to the Vedas.
		Musical notations were used in a variety of texts through the next few centuries.
		Modern musical notation may be said to have begun with Vishnu Digambar Paluskar at the turn of the 20th century.
	chandrakantha.com /articles/indian_music/lippi.html (1183 words)

	Microtones - Notation part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Ab appears in notation as a flatted fourth; not only would this spelling lead to confusion as to whether the structure represented is a major triad, but more importantly, the Ab would occupy the position on the musical staff already occupied by the A natural of the E major scale.
		Conventional notation is shown in the middle row of the table, with the naturals in white, the sharps and flats in fl, and the double sharps and flats in gray.
		Fokker's notation is indicated in the lower row, with the half-sharps and half-flats in blue.
	www.bikexprt.com /music/notation.htm (1714 words)

	CCARH Publications: Base 40 System
		A base-40 number line representation of pitch notation is suggested which makes it possible to incorporate information on pitch in one number, where the difference between two pitch numbers correctly determines the notated interval name between the corresponding pitches.
		Common musical notation of pitch requires two elements: (1) the letter name of the note together with its octave range, and (2) the accidentals which are applied to that note.
		Representation of musical pitch by absolute pitch alone, as is done in the MIDI protocol and in other sound applications, is not a complete representation of the pitch's notation and its attributes.
	www.ccarh.org /publications/reprints/base40 (3083 words)

	Musical notation
		A system of musical notation was invented by the Greeks in antiquity, but was unknown in the early medieval period.
		This type of notation indicated the relative pitch of notes in the chant, and was expressed by means of signs written above the words in the manuscript.
		Guido was single-handedly responsible for some of the most revolutionary developments in the history of music, such as the development of the stave, with lines and spaces representing relative pitches; letters on the stave to denote exact pitch (which would later become the modern clef); and a sight-singing system.
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Italian_Studies/dweb/arts/music/mmnotation.shtml (210 words)

	Swar lippi, Indian Musical Notation
		This is not the case; musical notation in India extends back to the Vedas.
		Musical notations were used in a variety of texts through the next few centuries.
		Modern musical notation may be said to have begun with Vishnu Digambar Paluskar at the turn of the 20th century.
	www.chandrakantha.com /articles/indian_music/lippi.html (1183 words)

	Reading Music - Musical Notation Clefs
		In musical notation music is written on a staff or stave (a system of 5 parallel horizontal lines across the page).
		Over the centuries, hand-written musical notation manuscripts have gradually restyled the G clef into what it is today, but it still coils around the second line up.
		Music written for the viola commonly uses this clef.
	www.easyduets.co.uk /reading-music-musical-notation.html (478 words)

	Musical notation - Music Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The numbered musical notation, better known as jianpu, meaning "simplified notation" in Chinese, is widely used among the Chinese people and probably some other Asian communities.
		Klavar notation is a chromatic system of notation geared toward keyboard instruments, that is said by its adherents to be easier to learn than standard notation.
		Sometimes the pitches of music written in just intonation are notated with the frequency ratios, while Ben Johnston has devised a system for representing just intonation with traditional western notation and the addition of accidentals which indicate the cents a pitch is to be lowered or raised.
	www.music.bestdownload.biz /music/index.php?title=Musical_notation (2651 words)

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