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Topic: Nitric acid

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Acid

Perchloric acid

Mineral acid

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Superacid

Propionic acid

Hydrochloric acid

Nitrous acid

Periodic acid

Hydrochloric acid

Weak acid

Sulfuric acid

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	Deepak Fertilisers and Petrochemicals Corporation: Sitemap
		A leading manufacturer of industrial chemicals including methanol, nitric acid and carbon dioxide.
		Safety Precautions for Transportation of Dilute Nitric Acid
		Safety Precautions for Transportation of Concentrated Nitric Acid
	www.dfpcl.com /dfpcl/sitemap/sitemap.asp (163 words)

	Nitric Acid - LoveToKnow 1911
		Fuming nitric acid consists of a solution of nitrogen peroxide in concentrated nitric acid and is prepared by distilling dry sodium nitrate with concentrated sulphuric acid.
		If a more dilute acid than this be distilled, water passes over in excess and the residue in the retort reaches the above composition and boiling point; on distillation of a stronger acid, excess of acid passes into the distillate and the boiling point rises until the values of the constant boiling mixture are reached.
		In medicine, nitric acid is used externally in a pure state as a caustic to destroy chancres, warts and phagadenic ulcers; and diluted preparations are employed in the treatment of dyspepsia, andc.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Nitric_Acid (1058 words)

	Nitric Acid - Environmental Health & Safety - Tufts University
		Nitric Acid is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow inorganic acid.
		In concentrations above 70%, nitric acid is called "fuming" or "red fuming." The material is not combustible, however it is a strong oxidizer and care should be taken in storing it away from incompatibles (see below).
		Nitric acid spills are serious and care should be taken to follow all chemical spill clean up procedures carefully.
	publicsafety.tufts.edu /ehs/?pid=16 (668 words)

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		When nitric acid is exposed to air or comes in contact with organic matter, it decomposes to yield a mixture of toxic oxides of nitrogen, including nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
		Exposure to high concentrations of nitric acid vapor or mist causes pneumonitis and pulmonary edema which may be fatal; onset of symptoms may be delayed for 4 to 30 hours.
		Nitric acid having a concentration above that of the azeotropic composition is generally decomposed by heating to generate NOx as vapors.
	www.lycos.com /info/nitric-acid.html (872 words)

	Nitric acid Summary
		Nitric acid is an inorganic acid that is composed of approximately 22.2% nitrogen, 76.2% oxygen and 1.6% hydrogen.
		Nitric acid and its salts, the nitrates, should not be confused with nitrous acid and its salts, the nitrites.
		Nitric acid is a very powerful oxidizing agent, and the reactions of nitric acid with compounds such as cyanides, carbides, and metallic powders can be explosive.
	www.bookrags.com /Nitric_acid (1843 words)

	nitric acid. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		It forms an azeotrope (constant-boiling mixture) that has the composition 68% nitric acid and 32% water and that boils at 120.5°C. The nitric acid of commerce is typically a solution of 52% to 68% nitric acid in water.
		Chief uses of nitric acid are in the preparation of fertilizers, e.g., ammonium nitrate, and explosives, e.g., nitroglycerin and trinitrotoluene (TNT).
		Nitric acid was known to the alchemists as aqua fortis; the name is used in commerce for impure grades of it.
	bartleby.com /65/ni/nitricac.html (317 words)

	Nitric Acid
		The diaphragms force the acid vapors to pass up one pipe and down of the vertical pipes allow very efficient cooling by exposure to the air alone, or they may be placed in a tank of cold water, as represented in the figure.
		The strength of the nitric acid produced in any apparatus depends upon the strength of the sulphuric acid, on the temperature of the retort, and on the purity of the sodium nitrate.
		Nitric acid is largely used in the manufacture of explosives; for parting gold and silver; in the manufacture of coal-tar dyes; as a various metallic nitrates.
	www.lenntech.com /Chemistry/nitric-acid.htm (1764 words)

	nitric acid. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		It forms an azeotrope (constant-boiling mixture) that has the composition 68% nitric acid and 32% water and that boils at 120.5°C. The nitric acid of commerce is typically a solution of 52% to 68% nitric acid in water.
		Chief uses of nitric acid are in the preparation of fertilizers, e.g., ammonium nitrate, and explosives, e.g., nitroglycerin and trinitrotoluene (TNT).
		Nitric acid was known to the alchemists as aqua fortis; the name is used in commerce for impure grades of it.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ni/nitricac.html (317 words)

	DSM - Agro - Nitric acid
		Nitric acid (HNO3) is a yellowish fuming, suffocating, hygroscopic and corrosive liquid.
		Nitric acid is a strong mineral acid with oxidizing properties and is fully miscible with water.
		Nitric acid is also used as cleaning agent in the dairy industry, as metal treatment agent and as a nitrogen source for micro-bacterial water purification systems.
	www.dsm.com /en_US/html/agro/DAGNitricacid.htm (190 words)

	Nitric Acid \| World of Chemistry
		Nitric acid is produced industrially by the oxidation of ammonia over a platinum catalyst at a high temperature.
		Nitric acid is completely ionized in solution and as such it is a strong acid and an efficient oxidizing reagent.
		Nitric acid is sufficiently strong as an oxidizing agent to be able to oxidize sulfur and phosphorus directly to sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
	www.bookrags.com /research/nitric-acid-woc (484 words)

	nitric acid
		Nitric acid was commonly used oxidizer in liquid-propellant rocket engines between 1940 and 1965.
		Compared to concentrated nitric acid (also known as white fuming nitric acid), RFNA is more energetic and more stable to store but produces poisonous red-brown fumes.
		Because nitric acid is normally highly corrosive it can only be stored and piped by a few materials such as stainless steel.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/N/nitric_acid.html (215 words)

	NORAM Technologies: Nitration: Nitric Acid Concentration (NAC)
		In the first installations using sulfuric acid as a dehydrating agent, which were built in the early 1920's, strong sulfuric acid and weak nitric acid were blended in suitable proportion and fed as a mixed acid to the top of a packed column.
		The energy required to boil off the nitric acid was provided by injecting live steam into the lower part of the column where the steam was absorbed by the acid.
		Strong nitric acid was obtained by condensing the overheads.
	www.noram-eng.com /technologies/nitricacid.html (647 words)

	Nitric Acid
		Nitric acid is a very strong acid that can burn your skin.
		Nitric acid is one of the acids in acid rain.
		This nitric acid falls from the sky as acid rain.
	www.windows.ucar.edu /tour/link=/physical_science/chemistry/nitric_acid.html (224 words)

	Environment Writer Chemical Backgrounder Nitric Acid
		The largest use of nitric acid, approximately 74-78%, is for the manufacture of ammonium nitrate, followed by the manufacture of cyclohexanone (8-9%), dinitrotoluene (4%), and nitrobenzene (3-4%).
		Nitric acid has a characteristic choking odor that is acrid and suffocating.
		Nitric acid can be corrosive to the skin, eyes, nose, mucous membranes, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, or any tissue with which it comes in contact.
	www.environmentwriter.org /resources/backissues/chemicals/nitric_acid.htm (1071 words)

	NITRIC ACID BURNS (CASE REPORT)
		Nitric acid burns are frequently reported in the national and local press, especially in third-world countries.
		Acids such as sulphuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, tannic acid, and formic acid are widely used in many areas.
		Although rare, occupationally and accidentally induced acid burns have been reported in the literature.1-3 This paper presents two nitric acid burn cases in which the histories are not of accidental injury but of planned assault on the victim.
	www.medbc.com /annals/review/vol_16/num_3/text/vol16n3p155.asp (1187 words)

	Nitric acid effects on health and the environment
		He is also credited with the discovery of citric acid (the sour component of lemons and other unripe fruits), acetic acid (from vinegar), and tartaric acid (from wine-making residues).
		Concentrated nitric acid and its vapors are highly corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.
		Ingestion of nitric acid may result in burning and corrosion of the mouth, throat, and stomach.
	www.corrosion-doctors.org /Acids/Nitric.htm (335 words)

	HHMI Lab Safety: LCSS: NITRIC ACID (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nitric acid is a powerful oxidizing agent and ignites on contact or reacts explosively with a variety of organic substances including acetic anhydride, acetone, acetonitrile, many alcohols, thiols, and amines, dichloromethane, DMSO, and certain aromatic compounds including benzene.
		Nitric acid should be handled in the laboratory using the "basic prudent practices" described in Chapter 5.C. In particular, splash goggles and rubber gloves should be worn when handling this acid, and containers of nitric acid should be stored in a well ventilated location separated from organic substances and other combustible materials.
		Excess nitric acid and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines.
	www.gulflink.osd.mil /scud_info/scud_info_refs/n41en150/lcss62.htm (550 words)

	Copper Penny with Concentrated Nitric Acid
		The reaction of a copper penny and concentrated nitric acid is shown.
		A few drops of nitric acid are placed on an older copper penny (and the reaction is shown).
		I had seen a bottle marked nitric acid on a table in the doctor's office where I was then "doing time." I did not know its peculiarities, but the spirit of adventure was upon me. Having nitric acid and copper, I had only to learn what the words "act upon" meant.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /JCESoft/CCA/CCA3/MAIN/PENITRA/PAGE1.HTM (468 words)

	Nitric Acid
		Nitric Acid displays the properties of a strong acid and it is a powerful oxidising agent.
		Nitric Oxide, NO is prepared by the action of Copper, Cu, or Mercury, Hg, on dilute Nitric Acid, HNO3, and was called Nitrous Air.
		Nitrates are the salts of nitric acid, and are strong oxidising agents.
	www.ucc.ie /academic/chem/dolchem/html/comp/nitric.html (609 words)

	nitric acid
		Nitric Acid displays the properties of a strong acid and it is a...
		AMMONIUM NITRATE, a salt of ammonia and nitric acid, is a colourless, crystalline substance melting at 169 C...
		The largest use of nitric acid, approximately 74- 78%, is for the manufacture of...
	sci-tech.org /nitric-acid.html (330 words)

	Properties and Classification of Nitric Acid
		Nitric acid is a strong, monobasic acid and a powerful oxidizing agent which also nitrates many organic compounds.
		Due to its oxidizing nature, nitric acid does not (with some exceptions) liberate hydrogen on reaction with metals and the resulting salts are usually in the higher oxidized state.
		Nitric acid is subject to thermal or light decomposition with increasing concentration and this may give rise to some non-negligible variations in the vapour pressure above the liquid because the nitrogen oxides produced dissolve partly or completely in the acid.
	www.efma.org /publications/NitricAcid/Section03.asp (1024 words)

	Raytheon Missile Systems Company - Tucson, AZ:Nitric Acid Recycling Program
		Nitric acid is typically used in such processes as the finishing of aluminum and stainless steel alloys; the stripping of nickel fixtures; and the plating of copper, tin, and lead.
		However, nitric acid is also a reportable chemical on the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, Title III under Section 313 regulations, and is targeted for reduction or elimination.
		This method allows nitric acid to diffuse through the membrane into a freshwater stream and return to the process tank, while positively-charged metal ions are blocked and remain in a low acid concentration waste solution.
	www.bmpcoe.org /bestpractices/internal/rmsc/rmsc_23.html (400 words)

	Iraq: U.S. finds nitric acid stash - Boston.com
		U.S. forces seized 3,000 gallons of nitric acid in a weapons cache hidden in a warehouse in eastern Baghdad, the military said Wednesday.
		Nitric acid is a chemical used to make fertilizer but also explosives.
		The military first said the containers were filled with nitric acid, but then said the barrels were filled only with gasoline.
	www.boston.com /news/world/middleeast/articles/2007/04/18/iraq_us_finds_nitric_acid_stash (211 words)

	Nitric Acid (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The largest use of nitric acid, approximately 74- 78%, is for the manufacture of ammonium nitrate, followed by the manufacture of cyclohexanone (8-9%), dinitrotoluene (4%), and nitrobenzene (3-4%).
		In 1998, 387,920,232 pounds of Nitric Acid waste were managed; 40,687,657 pounds were recycled on-site; 4,391,707 pounds were recycled off-site; 0 pounds were used for energy recovery on-site; 24,057 pounds were used for energy recovery off-site; 303,888,204 pounds were treated on-site; 15,903,427 pounds were treated off-site; and 23,025,180 pounds were released on-and off-site.
		The 10 states in which the largest amounts of Nitric Acid were released in 1998 were: TX (11,954,999 pounds); LA (6,622,182 pounds); FL (383,640 pounds); PA (367,966 pounds); IA (364,134 pounds); OH (266,113 pounds); CA (200,091 pounds); WI (152,901 pounds); NY (100,091 pounds); and NJ (95,016 pounds).
	www.nsc.org /ehc/chemical/Nitric_A.htm (1325 words)

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		Increasing the acid strength from 0.6 M to 1.5 M did not have an affect on dissolution rate.
		The corrosion rate in the concentrated nitric acid atmosphere is sometimes increased with time, and...
		Aqua RegiaAqua regia is a 3:1 mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
	www.lycos.com /info/nitric-acid--tests.html (386 words)

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