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Topic: Nucleolus

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Biological cell

RNA gene

Cell (biology)

Protein

Ribosome

Cell nucleus

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Cell wall

Plasma membrane

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Protein biosynthesis

Nuclear envelope

RNA

	biology - Nucleolus
		In biology, the nucleolus is, strictly speaking, a "suborganelle" of the cell nucleus, which is an organelle.
		It is a consequence of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis: nucleolar organizers, special regions on some chromosomes that contain multiple copies of the genes encoding for rRNA (which is involved in protein biosynthesis), gather themselves in the same region where they transcribe the rRNA genes.
		Thus it can be said the nucleolus consists basically of nucleolar organizers and the transcribed rRNA (plus associated proteins).
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Nucleolus (122 words)

	Cell (biology) - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The drawing on the left highlights the internal structures of eukaryotic cells, including the nucleus (light blue), the nucleolus (intermediate blue), mitochondria (orange), and ribosomes (dark blue).
		The drawing on the right demonstrates how bacterial DNA is housed in a structure called the nucleoid (very light blue), as well as other structures normally found in a prokaryotic cell, including the cell membrane (fl), the cell wall (intermediate blue), the capsule (orange), ribosomes (dark blue), and a flagellum (also fl).
		Organelles: (1) nucleolus (2) nucleus (3) ribosome (4) vesicle,(5) rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), (6) Golgi apparatus, (7) Cytoskeleton, (8) smooth ER, (9) mitochondria, (10) vacuole, (11) cytoplasm, (12) lysosome, (13) centrioles
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/c/e/l/Cell_(biology).html (3708 words)

	Peter Shaw
		In a collaborative project with John Brown (Scottish Crop Research Institute, Dundee) we are analysing the nucleolar proteome and 'RNA'ome.
		This has indicated that the nucleolus is involved in more functions than ribosome biogenesis, including mRNA surveillance and nonsense mediated degradation.
		Tuteja, N., Beven, A., Shaw, P. and Tuteja, R. (2001) A pea homologue of human DNA helicase I is localized within the dense fibrillar component of the nucleolus and stimulated by phosphorylation with CK2 and cdc2 protein kinases.
	www.jic.ac.uk /staff/peter-shaw/index.htm (973 words)

	Barbara McClintock - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		She showed that the loss of ring-chromosomes at meiosis caused variegation in maize foliage in generations subsequent to irradiation resulting from chromosomal deletion.
		During this period, she demonstrated the presence of what she called the nucleolar organizers on a region on maize chromosome 6, which is required for the assembly of the nucleolus during DNA replication.
		McClintock received a fellowship from the Guggenheim Foundation that made possible six months of training in Germany during 1933 and 1934.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Barbara_McClintock (3844 words)

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