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Topic: Official language

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List of official languages by country

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	Constitutional Topic: Official Language - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
		Almost every session of Congress, an amendment to the Constitution is proposed in Congress to adopt English as the official language of the United States.
		As the official language, the English language shall be used for all public acts including every order, resolution, vote, or election, and for all records and judicial proceedings of the Government of the United States and the governments of the several States.
		Also introduced in the 107th Congress was this text from H.R. The Government of the United States shall preserve and enhance the role of English as the official language of the United States of America.
	www.usconstitution.net /consttop_lang.html (893 words)

	Official language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Officially recognized minority languages are often mistaken for official languages.
		However, a language officially recognized by a state, taught in schools, and used in official communication is not necessarily an official language.
		Official languages are sometimes not the same as the medium of instruction and so, the two are not interchangeable.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Official_language (486 words)

	Languages in the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chinese, mostly of the Cantonese dialect, is the third largest language spoken in the United States, almost completely spoken within Chinese-American populations and by immigrants or the descendants of immigrants, especially in California.
		A language isolate, the Keres are the largest of the Pueblo nations.
		German was a second official language of the State of Pennsylvania and widely spoken in the Midwest until the late 1950s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Languages_in_the_United_States (4400 words)

	Official language - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		It is primarily the language of the constitution, hence states with no codified constitution have no official language.
		Some have more than one official language, such as Afghanistan, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Canada, Eritrea, Finland, India, Israel, Pakistan, Paraguay, South Africa, and Switzerland.
		English, which is spoken by nearly everyone, is described as the 'second official' language by Article 8 of the Constitution of Ireland.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Official_language (483 words)

	Wikipedia: Official language
		Some have only one official language, such as Albania, France (although there are more native languages in France), Germany or Lithuania.
		As a consequence of colonialism and/or neocolonialism, in some countries in Africa and in the Philippines the official and learning languages (French or English) are not the national languages or the most widely spoken.
		In contrast, as a consequence of nationalism, in the Republic of Ireland what is the state's official national language (Irish) is actually spoken by only a small proportion of people, while the language given secondary inferior legal status (English), is actually the spoken language of the majority.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/o/of/official_language.html (281 words)

	Official language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		An official language is a language that is specifically designated to be in the constitutions of countries states and other territories.
		In some countries such as Iraq Italy and Spain there is an official language for country but other languages are co-official in important regions.
		Language Ideologies: Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement : Education and the Social Implications of Official Language
	www.freeglossary.com /Official_language (583 words)

	Official language of India
		The official language of the Moghul courts was Persian.
		Among the other language speakers of India, the decision to choose Hindi as the official language was seen as an attempt to erase their cultures.
		Besides the languages officially recognized by central or state governments, there are other languages which don’t have this recognition and their speakers are running political struggles to get this recognition.
	adaniel.tripod.com /Languages2.htm (1133 words)

	ENGONLY
		The legislature and officials of the state of Alabama shall take all steps necessary to insure that the role of English as the common language of the state of Alabama is preserved and enhanced.
		The English language is adopted as the official language of the state of Indiana.
		The English language is hereby declared to be the official language of this state, and all official proceedings, records and publications shall be in such language, and the common school branches shall be taught in said language in public, private, denominational and parochial schools.
	www.languageandlaw.org /TEXTS/STATS/ENGONLY.HTM (1257 words)

	ProEnglish: Why English as an Official Language? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		As the industrial revolution matured, immigrants discovered that language skills were the key to entering the emerging "middle class." This, coupled with mandatory public education and reduced immigration, resulted in the successful assimilation of ethnic communities into American society.
		None of the 28 states with official English laws prohibit government agencies from using another languages when there is a compelling public interest for doing so.
		Official English would also reinforce America's historic message to new immigrants - that we expect them to learn English as the first step in their assimilation -- and that we are committed to ensuring that all Americans share in the economic, social and political benefits of having a common language.
	www.proenglish.org /issues/offeng (682 words)

	Official language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Some have more than one official language, as Afghanistan, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Canada, Finland, India, Paraguay, South Africa and Switzerland.
		There is no official language in the United States, but there are official languages in some U.S. states (See Languages in the United States).
		As a consequence of colonialism or neocolonialism, the official and learning languages of the Philippines and some countries in Africa, such as French or English, are not the national languages or the most widely spoken.
	www.gogoglo.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/o/of/official_language.html (350 words)

	ProEnglish: Official Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Among the powers reserved to each state is the power to establish the English language as the official language of the state, and otherwise to promote the English language within the state, subject to the prohibitions enumerated in the Constitution of the United States and in laws of the state.
		All official documents, regulations, orders, transactions, proceedings, programs, meetings, publications, or actions taken or issued, which are conducted or regulated by, or on behalf of, or representing the state and all of its political subdivisions shall be in the English language.
		English is designated as the language of all official public documents and records, and of all public proceedings and nonpublic sessions.
	www.proenglish.org /issues/offeng/states.html (7872 words)

	Official Language Act: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The charter of the french language (also known as bill 101) is a framework law in the province of quebec, canada, defining the linguistic rights of all...
		The commission of inquiry on the situation of the french language and linguistic rights in quebec was established under the union nationale government of jean-jacques...
		Language of legislation and justice (priority was given to French texts in case of ambiguity)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/o/of/official_language_act.htm (396 words)

	Language In America English as the Official Language
		Official English is intended to stop the costly and unworkable trend toward official multilingualism – the practice of having government operate in many languages.
		Declaring English the official language means that governments could no longer ignore the effect of their actions on English.
		Those states still use other languages when necessary, but their official language – the language in which their governments function is English.
	www.workings.com /LIA_EOL.htm (847 words)

	The Globalist \| Global Culture -- English: Not America's Language?
		Still, it is not the official language of the United States — arguably the center of business and communications.
		The passage of English as the official language should be accompanied by more classes and opportunities for immigrants to learn English.
		For all those reasons, English should be made the official language of the U.S. government.
	www.theglobalist.com /DBWeb/printStoryId.aspx?StoryId=3229 (913 words)

	House Panel Examines The Future of English - washingtonpost.com
		Arguing that English is the language of opportunity, which would empower the new immigrants to enjoy the fruits of the American dream, Mujica said that he was not suggesting that America become "an English-only nation" but he did not want it to be "an English-optional nation" either.
		Steve King (R-Iowa) introduced a bill to establish a federal law declaring English as the official language.
		In 1996, the Senate failed to act on the Emerson English Language Empowerment Act, a bill that was passed by the House to make English the official language of the U.S. government.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/26/AR2006072601375.html (826 words)

	Language Policy -- Official English
		Language diversity is a recent phenomenon in the United States, which the Founders never had to cope with.
		Congress had never even considered declaring English the nation's official language until 1981, when a constitutional English Language Amendment was introduced by the late Senator S. Hayakawa.
		language legislation, beginning in 1780, when John Adams propoised to establish an official Language Academy to set standards for English.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/JWCRAWFORD/question.htm (1393 words)

	Lenin: Is a Compulsory Official Language Needed?
		In practice, it means that the language of the Great Russians, who are a minority of the population of Russia, is imposed upon all the rest of the population of Russia.
		All official correspondence must be conducted in the official language, not in the language of the local population.
		This is the typical philosophy of a liberal on the necessity of an official language.
	www.marxists.org /archive/lenin/works/1914/jan/18.htm (940 words)

	Official Languages : Useful Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The manager is responsible for determining the language requirements of a position.
		If the position requires the knowledge of both official languages, the manager must also determine the proficiency level, in English and in French, in each of three language skills: Reading, Writing and Oral Interaction.
		A CBC/CBC profile means that a person whose first official language is French must possess the CBC level in English and a person whose first official language is English must possess the CBC level in French.
	www.jobs-emplois.gc.ca /menu/off_lang_p1_e.htm (329 words)

	VDARE.com: 07/14/03 - Abolishing America, Not Continued; Official English Will Send A Message
		It probably occurs to very few Americans that when they visit an ATM machine or put together some gadget bought at K-Mart or Wal-Mart, they are witnessing the cultural disintegration of their own country.
		The 2000 Census found that the percentage of "Americans" speaking a foreign language at home had increased in the last decade from 13.8 percent in 1990 to 17.6 percent in 2000—close to one-fifth of the nation.
		It is difficult if not impossible to maintain a national unity of any kind, political or cultural, if a common language does not exist as a means of communication and also simply as a protective umbrella that covers the whole population.
	www.vdare.com /francis/official_english.htm (661 words)

	The German-Americans-Chapter Seven (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Some states mandated English as the exclusive language of instruction in the public schools, while Pennsylvania and Ohio in 1839 were first in allowing German as an official alternative, even requiring it on parental demand.
		Typically, by about 1900, German was no longer used as a primary or co-equal language of instruction in the larger cities, although it was very popular as a foreign language elective, even for children who were not of German ancestry.
		And the current status of the German language in American universities was realistically assessed when the organizers of the academic conference dealing with "300 Years of German Immigration," held in 1983 at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, determined that English would be the working language.
	www.ulib.iupui.edu /kade/adams/chap7.html (2218 words)

	officiallanguage.com
		Human spoken and written languages can be described as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes) and the grammars (rules) by which the symbols are manipulated.
		An official (from the Latin Officialis, person – or object – related to an officium, see that article) is, in the primary sense, someone who holds an office (i.e.
		An elected official is a person who is an official by virtue of an election; officials may also be appointed, ex officio (i.e.
	wiki.jumis.com /Official_language (188 words)

	USATODAY.com - Gaelic language gets official EU status (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		But while official status is a boost to those campaigning to save the language from extinction, the move comes with a price: It will require the hiring of an estimated 30 Gaelic speakers at a cost to EU taxpayers of about $4.15 million annually.
		In January, officials said the amount was set to pass $1 billion following the entry in 2004 of 10 new EU members chiefly from Eastern Europe.
		Ireland had been campaigning for official EU recognition of Gaelic since the first half of 2004, when the Irish held the rotating presidency of the bloc as it expanded from 15 to 25 members — and introduced new official languages ranging from Polish to Maltese.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2005-06-13-gaelic_x.htm (707 words)

	U.S. ENGLISH Foundation: Towards a United America - "); document.write(month + '/' + now.getDate() + '/' + ...
		One of the beauties of the English language is its adaptability, its willingness to absorb new words and phrases from other languages.
		The national language academy is irrelevant to the official English debate.
		Opponents of official English tend to ignore the votes against printing laws in German, and that James Madison, architect of the Constitution, approved a bill that mandated English as the language of government for Louisiana.
	www.us-english.org /foundation/issues/founders.asp (593 words)

	Official language - Gurupedia
		English) are not the national languages or the most widely spoken.
		Republic of Ireland Irish, although spoken by only a small proportion of people is the state's national language, and the first official language.
		English, the spoken language of the majority is described only as the second official language (Constitution of Ireland, Article 8).
	www.gurupedia.com /o/of/official_language.htm (255 words)

	GeorgiaInfo - Carl Vinson Institute of Government
		(a) The English language is designated as the official language of the State of Georgia.
		(c) State agencies, counties, municipal corporations, and political subdivisions of this state are authorized to use or to print official documents and forms in languages other than the official language, at the discretion of their governing authorities.
		corporation, or political subdivision must be in the official language or, if the original document is in a language other than the official language, an English translation of the document must be simultaneously filed.
	www.cviog.uga.edu /Projects/gainfo/1996act-1.htm (270 words)

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