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Topic: Paper

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Pulp and paper industry

White paper

Paper mill

Toilet paper

Electronic paper

ISO 216

Rolling papers

Fourdrinier machine

Washi

Pulp and paper industry in Canada

Cardboard

Rotogravure

Ink

Watermark

	A4 paper format / International standard paper sizes
		As paper is usually specified in g/m², this simplifies calculation of the mass of a document if the format and number of pages are known.
		Based on the experience from the introduction of ISO paper formats in other industrialized countries at various points during the 20th century, it becomes clear that this process needs to be initiated by a political decision to move all government operation to the new paper format system.
		A4 paper and supplies are regularly ordered in the U.S. today, especially by companies and organizations with a lot of international correspondence, including patent lawyers, diplomats, universities, and some government agencies.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /~mgk25/iso-paper.html (6843 words)

	ArtLex on Paper
		Fine arts papers are made of pulped linen and cotton rags; while lower quality, impermanent papers, such as newsprint, construction paper, coated papers, and butcher paper, are made of wood pulp or a combination of wood pulp and cotton rag.
		Kraft paper, made chemically with sulfate, is used for bags and wrapping papers because of its strength.
		By the fifteenth century in Europe, paper mills were widely established, and paper was often used as a support for works of art, as well as for the books printed with the just-invented movable-type, and for the prints being made by the new
	www.artlex.com /ArtLex/p/paper.html (370 words)

	Paper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Paper is a thin, flat material produced by the amalgamation of plant fibres, which are subsequently held together without extra binder, largely by hydrogen bonds and to a small degree by fiber entanglement.
		To write or print on: the piece of paper becomes a document; this may be for keeping a record (or in the case of printing from a computer or copying from another paper: an additional record) and for communication; see also reading.
		The oldest known paper document in the West is the Missel of Silos from the 11th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paper (1869 words)

	The History of Paper
		Later it was discovered that the quality of paper could be much improved with the addition of rags hemp and old fish nets to the pulp.
		The paper was soon widely used in China and spread to the rest of world through the Silk Road.
		Around 1100 A.D. paper arrived in Northern Africa and by 1150 A.D. it arrived to Spain as a result of the crusades and established the first paper industry in Europe.
	www.silk-road.com /artl/papermaking.shtml (550 words)

	Making Paper at Home
		Paper is so essential to writing that we couldn't do without it, and yet it was not invented until several millennia after the invention of writing.
		Paper machines were equipped with a long sieve in the form of a moving belt which collected a continuous layer of fibers from the suspension.
		Paper continues to be a part of our lives and many of us still prefer to read books on paper instead of on a screen.
	www.funsci.com /fun3_en/paper/paper.htm (4422 words)

	paper
		Many recycled paper labels and swatchbooks state "This paper meets (or exceeds) current EPA Standard 40 CFR Part 250." This doesn't mean there is a regulation required by law, it simply means that the product is eligible for purchase by federal agencies according to the EPA criteria.
		Personally, this is just the kind of paper I use--when I look at it and touch it I am reminded of the environmental good and it becomes beautiful to me. And some recycled papers are beautiful in their own right--their imperfections lend character and interest to the paper.
		There are also papers made from recycled cotton--cotton textile mill and manufacturing cuttings, leftover seed hairs culled from the cotton ball during the ginning of cotton into thread, and cotton linters (the short fuzzy fibers that remain attached to the cotton seed after ginning--too short to spin).
	www.worldwise.com /paper.html (1410 words)

	Municipal Solid Waste - Commodities: Paper and Paperboard Products
		Paper recyclers are developing new technologies designed to handle, identify, and separate paper grades for recycling.
		Eighty-one percent of the paper recovered in the United States is recycled by U.S. paper mills; 16 percent is exported to foreign markets; and the rest is used domestically to manufacture products like molded packaging, compost, and kitty litter.
		Manufacturers of paper food service disposables have been able to source reduce by decreasing the paper stock required to manufacture food service containers and coating the containers with a very thin layer of polyethylene or wax.
	www.epa.gov /epaoswer/non-hw/muncpl/paper.htm (1152 words)

	Paper University - All About Paper
		Some paper is made brand-new from trees - either small trees harvested just for that purpose, or from sawmill scraps left over when larger trees are made into lumber.
		Paper made from these species is weaker than that made from softwoods, but its surface is smoother, and therefore better to write and print on.
		Most of the paper you see today is made from both hardwoods and softwoods, a special blend for each purpose.
	www.tappi.org /paperu/all_about_paper/paperMade.htm (1046 words)

	Graph Paper! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		You are welcome to download my graph paper to your computer and print as many copies as necessary.
		This graph paper is best when you have a lot of graphs to make.
		The paper is probably suitable for for other types of mathematics proofs, but it was not designed for that purpose.
	www.mathematicshelpcentral.com /graph_paper.htm (511 words)

	A List Apart: Articles: Paper Prototyping
		Though some people shy away from paper prototypes because they feel they will not be taken seriously, I argue that many people are intimidated by a formal, highly technical design process and that the less “professional” nature of paper prototyping is a great way to lighten the mood and engage a more diverse group.
		Paper prototyping can also help improve the final product: the prototyping stage is the right time to catch design flaws and change directions, and the flexibility and disposability of paper encourages experimentation and speedy iteration.
		Paper has seen a resurgence with knowledge workers who aim to organize every aspect of their lives.
	www.alistapart.com /articles/paperprototyping (1406 words)

	Chemical & Engineering News: WHAT'S THAT STUFF? - PAPER
		By the end of that century, paper was being produced in Baghdad, during the golden age of Islamic culture.
		Writing papers, for example, are impregnated with a water-resistant substance to prevent ink from spreading.
		U.S. paper currency, for example, is made from a mix of cotton recovered from rags and cotton gin trash (75%) and flax waste (25%), notes Peter Hopkins, a spokesman for Crane Co., Dalton, Mass., which has supplied the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing with currency paper since 1879.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/whatstuff/stuff/paper.html (977 words)

	Fujitsu e-paper : FUJITSU
		Instead of large paper posters, the train time tables are shown on large electronic paper displays that wrap around the columns of the platform.
		The new electronic paper features vivid color images that are unaffected even when the screen is bent, and features an image memory function that enables continuous display of the same image without the need for electricity.
		The thin and flexible electronic paper uses very low power to change screen images, thereby making it ideal for displaying information or advertisements in public areas as a type of new electronic media that can be handled as easily as paper.
	www.fujitsu.com /global/about/rd/200509epaper.html (732 words)

	Chinese Arts - Handicrafts æå·¥è—è¡“ - Paper Objects æç´åªç´ (incl. Papercuts, Paper ...
		The invention of paper to write on was done much earlier in China than in Europe.
		Paper was used to write on, to paint on and to fold it to make things of a new shape.
		One kind of paper art is the kite, that was only copied by Europeans in the 18th century.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /Art/Paper/paper.html (293 words)

	Treecycle Recycled Paper: About Recycling and Recycled Paper
		Throughout the industry white paper is achieved by the use of chlorine.
		The problem with chlorine is the pollution from its use initially to make the paper and not the paper once it is made.
		What often happens is not the substitution of alternative papers for paper made from trees, but the substitution of alternative fiber paper for recycled paper.
	www.treecycle.com /recycling.html (982 words)

	Paper
		Paper is the primary medium for the formal publication of information, although it represents only 0.01% of new information recorded in all media.
		Using a conversion of 6 GB of data per metric ton of paper there exists a net storage capacity of 568,800 TB on the total amount of printing and writing paper produced in 2001 (94.8 million tons), were every bit of it be used for information recording.
		Using the conversion rate of 6 GB of data per metric ton of paper there exists a net storage capacity of 132,996 TB using the total amount of printing and writing paper produced in the U.S. be used for information recording.
	www.sims.berkeley.edu /research/projects/how-much-info-2003/print.htm (3563 words)

	Home Plate--Paper Plate Education
		Paper Plate Education is an initiative to reduce complex notions to simple paper plate explanations.
		Paper instruments have been used since the 13th Century to support teaching and to buttress arguments.
		Paper plates are also believed to have inspired a key element of the Mercury space capsule in the late 1950's.
	analyzer.depaul.edu /paperplate (487 words)

	precious paper
		Paper and paper products can be recycled for useful purposes.
		The material of construction is less of a concern when the design is of cutting edge and innovative methods of construction are used to maximize durability.
		To save millions of tons of paper ending as garbage it is necessary to reduce, reuse and recycle paper.
	www.recycledpapercraft.com /prespap.htm (672 words)

	Paper News
		Dallas County authorities are investigating an industrial accident at International Paper Company's Riverdale Mill in Selma that claimed the life of a construction worker.
		Paper products supplier American Israeli Paper Mills Ltd reported on 5 September that a petition has been filed against Hogla-Kimberly Ltd, an affiliated company, for the approval of a class action.
		Mohawk Fine Papers Inc. is pleased to announce the release of the new Mohawk BriteHue swatchbook.
	www.topix.net /business/paper (689 words)

	Paper Weight - Conversion Chart
		the greater the caliper (the thicker the paper), the greater the paper weight.
		The weight of one ream of paper (500 sheets) when cut to the industry standard for that specific grade of paper.
		A high bulk paper is thicker but less compact than a low-bulk paper of the same weight and size.
	www.paper-paper.com /weight.html (681 words)

	Make Paper!
		The process for making paper was invented in China in the second century A.D., and all paper was made one sheet at a time until 1798.
		When the paper is mostly dry, you may want to use an iron at a medium dry setting.
		When the paper is dry, pull the cloth gently from both ends, stretching it to loosen the paper from the cloth.
	www.wipapercouncil.org /makepaper.htm (767 words)

	The Invention of Paper
		The word "paper" is derived from the word "papyrus," which was a plant found in Egypt along the lower Nile River.
		By the 10th century, Arabians were substituting linen fibers for wood and bamboo, creating a finer sheet of paper.
		Although paper was of fairly high quality now, the only way to reproduce written work was by hand, a painstaking process.
	www.wipapercouncil.org /invention.htm (435 words)

	The Paper (1994) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Continuity: During the scene with everyone in Henry Hackett's office (prior to the gunshot), the pad of paper that Carmen is holding jumps from one hand to the other & back again.
		With an intelligent and critical script, the film becomes a sensational comedy, without falling in the caricature, in spite of existing certain idealization of some journalists.
		"The Paper" it is a very good film, fun and critical, certainly, it is a comedy that worths being seen.
	www.imdb.com /title/tt0110771 (392 words)

	Paper airplane - The best paper airplane in the world!
		I was eight years old at the time and my meager knowledge of paper airplanes was the traditional flying wedge that spiraled into tight loops and fell head first to the ground.
		When he started folding the paper, I knew this was something different, something special.
		It glided like no paper airplane I have ever seen before, it was acting like a REAL airplane.
	www.zurqui.com /crinfocus/paper/airplane.html (417 words)

	In this paper I question the “official” story that the collapses of the high-rise World Trade Center buildings on ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In this paper, I call for a serious investigation of the hypothesis that WTC 7 and the Twin Towers were brought down, not just by impact damage and fires, but through the use of pre-positioned cutter-charges.
		Gordon Ross has written a scholarly paper on the collapse of WTC 1, which carefully considers conservation of momentum and conservation of energy, here: http://www.journalof911studies.com/.
		Peer-reviewed papers which further analyze the WTC skyscraper collapses, by Dr. Frank Legge, Professor Kenneth Kuttler, Gordon Ross and Kevin Ryan, are recommended and available here: http://www.journalof911studies.com/.
	www.physics.byu.edu /research/energy/htm7.html (12801 words)

	Why Open Source Software / Free Software (OSS/FS, FOSS, or FLOSS)? Look at the Numbers!
		This is followed by a description of the rest of the paper’s organization (listing the sections such as market share, reliability, performance, scalability, security, and total cost of ownership).
		This paper includes data over a series of years, not just the past year; all relevant data should be considered when making a decision, instead of arbitrarily ignoring older data.
		The fuzz paper’s authors also found that proprietary software vendors generally didn’t fix the problems identified in an earlier version of their paper (from 1990), and they found that concerning.
	www.dwheeler.com /oss_fs_why.html (15201 words)

	Amazon.com: Paper: Magazines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		very much a new york sort of mag, Paper seems to be on to the next cool thing before you've heard of the current one.
		Paper always writes about things in a funny, insidery way that makes me feel like I was there (even though I don't live in New York City).
		I also love their choice of cover people who are not the same faces you see on the cover of every other magazine.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/B0007W0IFS?v=glance (920 words)

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