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	Law and Language (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		The use of language is crucial to any legal system -- not only in the same way that it is crucial to politics in general, but in the special respect that lawmakers typically use language to make the law, and courts typically use language to state their grounds of decision.
		Philosophy of law shares a tension that affects philosophy of mind and metaphysics, and perhaps all the central areas of philosophy: it is often unclear which problems are problems of language, and which are not.
		Philosophy of language cannot explain the nature of reasons; perhaps it has the ancillary role of explaining the possibility of expressing or communicating a reason.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/law-language (11060 words)

	Philosophy of language - Psychology Wiki - A Wikia wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Philosophy of language is the branch of philosophy that studies language.
		The philosophy of language was so pervasive that for a time, in analytic philosophy circles, philosophy as a whole was understood to be a matter of mere philosophy of language.
		He also disagreed that language was of fundamental significance to philosophy, and saw the project of developing formal logic as a way of eliminating all of the confusions caused by ordinary language, and hence at creating a perfectly transparent medium in which to conduct traditional philosophical argument.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Philosophy_of_language (5817 words)

	Ordinary language philosophy - Psychology Wiki - A Wikia wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Ordinary language philosophy is less a philosophical doctrine or school than it is a loose network of approaches to traditional philosophical problems.
		Ordinary language philosophy, also called linguistic philosophy is thus sometimes taken as an extension of, and sometimes as an alternative to, analytic philosophy.
		Although heavily influenced by Wittgenstein and his students at Cambridge, ordinary language analysis largely flourished and developed at Oxford in the 1940s, under Austin and Gilbert Ryle, and was quite widespread for a time before declining rapidly in popularity in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Ordinary_language_philosophy (917 words)

	Wittgenstein
		It was this carefully-delineated sense of what a logical language can properly express that influenced members of the Vienna Circle in their formulation of the principles of logical positivism.
		In ordinary language, applications of a word often bear only a "family resemblance" to each other, and a variety of grammatical forms may be used to express the same basic thought.
		Although there is little to be said in general about language as a whole, therefore, it may often be fruitful to consider in detail the ways in which particular portions of the language are used.
	www.philosophypages.com /hy/6s.htm (1482 words)

	Philosophy of Language [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Metalanguage is the language that we use to study another language, and the object language is the language that we study.
		The majority of philosophers of language working in the analytical tradition share Frege's intuition that we know the meaning of a word when we know the role it plays in a sentence and we know the meaning of a sentence when we know the conditions under which it would be true.
		As in the early days of analytical philosophy, there is great interest in parallels between the content of utterances and the attribution of content to mental states, but many cognitive scientists have moved away from the classic analytical assumption that thoughts had a symbolic or sentence-like content.
	www.iep.utm.edu /l/lang-phi.htm (9830 words)

	Feminist Philosophy of Language (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Moreover, the idea that women could craft a common language that allowed the articulation of all their experiences seems to ignore the fact that women differ enormously from one another (Lugones and Spelman 1983, Spelman 1988; see the section on feminism and the diversity of women in the entry on topics in feminism).
		For philosophy of language to be true to the experiences and language use of both men and women, then, the individualistic philosophy of language which is characteristic of male thinking will need to be supplemented or replaced by a version more suited to female thinking (Hintikka and Hintikka 1983, Hornsby 2000).
		Language is an important part of the social world, and understanding the roles that language plays in communicating, manipulating, and controlling (to cite just a few examples) is surely vital to understanding the workings of power (See, for example, MacKinnon's views on speech in MacKinnon 1993).
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/feminism-language (6812 words)

	Philosophy of Language
		Language and philosophy have an intimate connection to one another; without a philosophical examination of the meanings and structure of language, we cannot easily ascertain the objective truth of the statements we make, nor can we usefully discuss abstract concepts.
		Ordinary language theory, on the other hand, suggested that these philosophical problems appear when language is used improperly; the language itself is perfectly acceptable and can be easily applied to the discussion of abstract and philosophical concepts without undue modifications, as long as it is used and interpreted properly (Katz 69).
		Therefore, a language based only on the concepts of logical positivism would be bereft of the contributions of metaphysics, and would lead only to a sterile field of scientific thought.
	www.duke.edu /~pk10/language/philosophy.htm (3236 words)

	Language, philosophy of : Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy Online
		Philosophical interest in language, while ancient and enduring (see Language, ancient philosophy of; Language, medieval theories of; Language, Renaissance philosophy of; Language, early modern philosophy of), has blossomed anew in the past century.
		Theorists of language focus on the Mind/Language connection when they consider understanding to be the cornerstone concept, holding, for instance, that an account of meaning for a given language is simply an account of what constitutes the ability to understand it (see Meaning and understanding).
		Tools from the philosophy of language make available quite a number of views about what these statements mean and in general about how they do their expressive and communicative work; and these views inform and support philosophical positions on the real objects of philosophical interest.
	www.rep.routledge.com /article/U017 (1907 words)

	Philosophy of language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As a topic, the philosophy of language for Analytic Philosophers is concerned with four central problems: the nature of meaning, language use, language cognition, and the relationship between language and reality.
		For Continental philosophers, however, the philosophy of language tends to be dealt with, not as a separate topic, but as a part of Logic, History or Politics.
		In Continental Philosophy, language is not studied in a separate discipline as in Analytic Philosophy, but it is studied in almost all areas: Phenomenology, Hermeneutics, Heideggerean Ontology, Existentialism, Structuralism, Deconstruction and Critical Theory.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Philosophy_of_language (5734 words)

	Philosophy of Language
		In other words, there has been progress in philosophy, and those persons who are unaware of the philosophy of language are simply not at the frontiers.
		The resulting search for a general theory of language, of which each particular language was a special case, convinced Chomsky that theoretical linguistics is also a cognitive science, a science of the mind.
		To learn and master a language is (among other things) to learn and to have mastered these rules." But, as M.I.T. philosopher Paul Ziff countered, "Rules have virtually nothing to do with speaking or understanding a natural language.
	www.csus.edu /indiv/d/dowdenb/154/154syl01.htm (1728 words)

	Philosophy of Language
		Studies continued into Philosophy of Language and progress was made at a steady but slow pace, until the work of Ludwig Wittgenstein red-defined the field.
		Language, how things 'mean' something, and truth (though postmodern thought incorporates the claim that there is no truth apart from a human perception of truth), are important not just because they are used daily with important effects; language has shaped our human development, from our earliest childhood and continuing to our deaths.
		The philosophy of language is important because language is important, and language is important because it is inseparable from how we think and live.
	www.philosophyarchive.com /concept.php?philosophy=Language (503 words)

	language
		Course Description: The aim of this course is to introduce you to various themes in the philosophy of language.
		Rather than approaching the philosophy of language exclusively as an analysis of meaning produced by the human subject, this course will investigate the historical and conceptual origins of language.
		Philosophy of language is one of the areas where one can observe the differences between the analytic and continental schools in philosophy as well as a dialogue between these schools of thought.
	www.earlham.edu /~guvenfe/phillanguagesyllabus.htm (954 words)

	Philosophy of Language Syllabus
		Philosophy of language concerns discussion and investigation of basic problems surrounding language.
		It can be said that philosophy today is centered around language and most activities in philosophy involve analysis or close examination of language in one way or another.
		This is why philosophy of language is the center of modern philosophy.
	pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th /~hsoraj/web/Phil_of_Lang_Syllabus.html (672 words)

	SDSU Philosophy Department
		Fundamental Questioning: Philosophy deals with "fundamental questions." It is a careful reflection on the fundamental nature of the world, the grounds for human knowledge, and the rightness or wrongness of human conduct.
		Courses in philosophy can be taken towards several degrees; and virtually all programs of study at SDSU can be enriched by the inclusion of one or more of our courses.
		Philosophy also develops skills that are widely transferable to other areas of study and to the professional world outside the university.
	philosophy.sdsu.edu (959 words)

	MIT OpenCourseWare \| Linguistics and Philosophy
		The research conducted by the MIT Linguistics Program strives to develop a general theory that reveals the rules and laws that govern the structure of particular languages, and the general laws and principles governing all natural languages.
		The Philosophy section of MIT's Department of Linguistics and Philosophy offers two undergraduate majors: one a general philosophy major, and another joint major with the linguistics section in the foundations of the study of language and mind.
		Language and its Structure III: Semantics and Pragmatics, Spring 2005
	ocw.mit.edu /OcwWeb/Linguistics-and-Philosophy/index.htm (417 words)

	Oxford University Press: Philosophy of Language
		Browse all 92 titles in Philosophy of Language.
		In this accessible study, Wettstein argues that Wittgenstein, a figure with whom the critics of Frege and Russell are typically unsympathetic, laid the foundation for much of what is revolutionary in recent developments in the movement of philosophy of language.
		Philosophy of Science: Oxford Studies In The Philosophy of Science
	www.oup.com /us/catalog/24385/subject/PhilosophyofLanguage/?view=usa (216 words)

	UO Philosophy:Concentrations:Cognition & Language
		We approach issues in the philosophy of mind and language from the perspective of recent empirical research in the cognitive sciences.
		The Institute fosters interdisciplinary research and teaching on all aspects of cognition and language ranging from cognitive neuroscience to socio-linguistics.
		Johnson’s principal focus is currently on the dependence of language on the embodied and imaginative structure of human conceptual systems.
	philosophy.uoregon.edu /concen/cog.html (215 words)

	logicandlanguage.net: Back to School
		I'm using Martinich's Philosophy of Language as the text for the course, but I strongly empathised with Simon Blackburn's comments in the preface to Spreading the Word:...
		a weblog in logic, philosophy of logic, and the philosophy of language
		I had to go and explain to the lecturer that after several years studying philosophy of language I had no standing intuitions about what meaning is whatsoever.
	www.logicandlanguage.net /archives/2006/01/back_to_school_1.html (686 words)

	Amazon.com: The Philosophy of Language: Books: A. P. Martinich (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Philosophy of Language (Routledge Contemporary Introductions to Philosophy) by William Lycan
		A Companion to Philosophy of Language (Blackwell Companions to Philosophy) by Crispin Wright
		Taken together, this book is the perfect basis for a quarter, semester or whole year of philosophy of language.
	www.amazon.com /Philosophy-Language-P-Martinich/dp/0195135431 (1359 words)

	Language and Linguistics at Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base
		Brandom's work, making the move from representationalism to inferentialism, constitutes a near-Copernican shift in the philosophy of language--and the most important single development in the field in recent decades.
		Its goal is the promotion and publication of research of the highest quality informal and philosophical logic, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics and philosophy of mind.
		THE WORLD OF LANGUAGE project aims to create a permanent multi-media exhibition and visitor centre celebrating language in all its aspects - and the English language in particular.
	www.erraticimpact.com /~topics/html/language.htm (485 words)

	Cogprints - Subject: Philosophy of Language
		Kastner, Charles W. A hierarchy of languages, logics, and mathematical theories.
		Hurford, James R (1998) The evolution of language and languages, in The Evolution of Culture.
		Malle, Bertram F. The relation between language and theory of mind in development and evolution, in Givón, Talmy and Malle, Bertram F., Eds.
	cogprints.org /view/subjects/phil-lang.html (2086 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Philosophy: Philosophy of Language
		Philosophy of Language in Classical China - Historical overview by Chad Hansen of interpretations of language in the major schools of philosophical thought in classical China (up to the Han dynasty).
		Philosophy of Language, World Congress Papers - Proceedings of the 20th World Congress of Philosophy, held at Boston University in 1998.
		Archive of contributed papers in the subject area of Philosophy of Language.
	dmoz.org /Society/Philosophy/Philosophy_of_Language (189 words)

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