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Topic: Piracy in the Caribbean

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	Piracy in the Caribbean (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Caribbean was a centre of European trade and colonization from the late 15th Century.
		The decline of piracy in the Caribbean paralleled the decline of mercenaries and the rise of national armies in Europe.
		The elimination of piracy from European waters expanded to the Caribbean in the 1700s, West Africa and North America by the 1710s and by the 1720s even the Indian Ocean was a difficult location for pirates.
	www.magicaljourneys.com /Caribbean/caribbean-interest-piracy.html (1828 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Caribbean (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Caribbean, (Spanish: Caribe) or the West Indies is a group of countries and islands in the Caribbean Sea.
		The name "Caribbean" is named after the Caribs, one of the dominant Amerindian groups in the region at the time of European contact.
		The Caribbean consists of the Greater and Lesser Antilles, and is often considered part of North America.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Caribbean (755 words)

	Pirate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Piracy is significant in international law because it marks one of the first cases where the doctrine of universal jurisdiction was invoked.
		Piracy in recent times has increased in areas such as South and Southeast Asia (the South China Sea), parts of South America, and the south of the Red Sea, with pirates now favouring small boats and taking advantage of the small crew numbers on modern cargo vessels.
		Pirates of the Caribbean Jack Sparrow(?): The Curse of the Black Pearl was a 2003 movie vaguely based on the Disneyland ride.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/p/pi/pirate.html (599 words)

	Piracy - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Piracy is robbery committed at sea, or sometimes the shore, by an agent without a commission from a sovereign nation.
		Seaborne piracy against transport vessels remains a significant problem (with estimated worldwide losses of $13 to $16 billion USD per year), particularly in the waters between the Pacific and Indian oceans, and specifically in the straits of Malacca and Singapore, which are used by over 50,000 commercial ships a year.
		Piracy is of note in international law as it is commonly held to represent the earliest invocation of the concept of universal jurisdiction.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php?title=Piracy&redirect=no (3618 words)

	Pirate of the Caribbean. Welcome to Anguilla, Caribbean Island
		Piracy Any robbery or other violent action, for private ends and without authorization by public authority, committed on the seas or in the air outside the normal jurisdiction of any state.
		Because piracy has been regarded as an offense against the law of nations, the public vessels of any state have been permitted to seize a pirate ship, to bring it into port, to try the crew (regardless of their nationality or domicile), and, if found guilty, to punish them and to confiscate the ship.
		In the ancient Mediterranean, piracy was often closely related to maritime commerce, and the Phoenicians appear to have engaged in both, as did the Greeks, Romans, and Carthaginians.
	www.tropical-paradise.net /pirate-of-the-caribbean.html (842 words)

	Pirates, Real buccaneers and black flags -Coins, Real Pirate GOLD Treasure
		Caribbean piracy arose out of, and mirrored on a smaller scale, the conflicts over trade and colonization among the rival European powers of the time, including England, Spain, Dutch United Provinces, and France.
		This nicety of law did not always save the individuals concerned, however, as whether one was considered a pirate or a legally operating privateer often depended on whose custody the individual found himself in—that of the country that had issued the commission, or that of the object of attack.
		Originally a culture of seafaring people, the Lanun name became synonymous with piracy in the 15th century.Wōkòu were pirates who raided the coastlines of China and Korea from the 13th century onwards.
	www.realtreasures.com /the_pirates.htm (717 words)

	Unique Facts About the Caribbean: Piracy in the Caribbean
		While in The Caribbean the arrival of European diseases had more than decimated the local populations: the native population of New Spain had fallen by 96% between 1500 and 1600.
		These vagaries were apparent in the Caribbean — St. Eustatius changes hands ten times between 1664 and 1674 and many other settlements were damaged by repeated conquest and reconquest.
		In combat they were considered ferocious and were reputed to be experts with flintlock weapons, but these were so unreliable that they were not in widespread military use before the 1670s.
	sheppardsoftware.com /carribeanweb/factfile/Unique-facts-Caribbean6.htm (1652 words)

	Cuban Piracy Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In the 16th century, and for hundreds of years after that, the Caribbean sea was the Mare Nostrum of piracy.
		The record of atrocities, looting and violence committed by the pirates at the point of a sword or grappling hooks is the central theme of the Piracy Museum, lodged in the Morro Castle of Santiago de Cuba.
		This fortress, erected on a cliff at the entrance of the bay in the 17th century, was built precisely to defend the city from the filibusters.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Garden/5213/museum.htm (321 words)

	Caribbean Beat: Archives
		The Caribbean is not the easiest place to earn money by making music, despite the fact that music is an integral part of the region’s cultural life, and a major driver of its most important industry, tourism.
		In fact, piracy may be proportionately more serious than in the rest of the world, because of the central role that music plays in the region’s economy.
		The Caribbean music sector is highly fragmented, with many small production companies, and talented performers and writers who simply cannot earn enough from their work.
	meppublishers.com /online/caribbean-beat/archive/index.php?id=cb67-2-70 (1350 words)

	Caribbean : Villa World Vacation Rentals
		The Caribbean, (Spanish: Caribe; French: Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Dutch: Cariben or Caraïben, or more commonly Antillen) or the West Indies, is a group of islands and countries which are in or border the Caribbean Sea which lies on the Caribbean Plate.
		The countries and islands of the Caribbean are located to the south and east of Mexico and to the north and west of Venezuela, South America.
		At one time, there was a short-lived country called the Federation of the West Indies composed of ten of the English-speaking Caribbean territories of the region.
	www.villa-world.com /countries/3/Caribbean.htm (226 words)

	BBCCaribbean.com \| News \| Piracy killing Caribbean music
		Caribbean musicians say they are losing up to 50 percent of their revenue to piracy.
		She said while there are laws in place that make piracy illegal, police are not enforcing these laws.
		Acting Police Commissioner Winston Cooper said the police is committed to the fight against piracy, but their efforts are being hampered by the failure of rights organisations like COTT to cooperate.
	www.bbc.co.uk /caribbean/news/story/2005/08/050818_piracy.shtml (588 words)

	eBay - piracy book, Nonfiction Books, Antiquarian Collectible items on eBay.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Speedwell Voyage: A Tale of Piracy and Mutiny
		THE PIRATES OF PENZANCE by Edward Sorel - HCDJ - Piracy
		Piracy and the Decline of Venice, 1580-1615 Tenenti, A
	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=piracy+book&newu=1&krd=1 (403 words)

	The Golden Age of Piracy - Caribbean Culture
		For these men who had known only sailing as a livelihood, there was a strong lure to the sea and to piracy, as vast number of galleons and cargo ships sailed the coastal region of the Americas surrounding the Caribbean Sea, particularly the coast of South America.
		The straits between South Florida and the islands of the Caribbean where the Gulf Stream flows became known as the Spanish Main.
		So seductive was the lure of piracy in the 1700's, that thousands of pirates were reportedly operating in the waters off the coast of the Americas and throughout the Caribbean basin.
	www.bellaonline.com /articles/art31704.asp (471 words)

	History Resources for Pirates of the Caribbean
		Although the most troubled area was the Caribbean, piracy was also rife off the Eastern seaboard of America, in the Indian Ocean and off the West Coast of Africa (where the 'Pirate Round' followed the trade routes from India to America via Africa).
		The piracy boom was the result of circumstances: the end of the War of the Spanish Succession (between France and an Alliance of England, Holland and the German States) meant that ports were full of unemployed sailors and there was a general lack of legal employment.
		One by one the Colonial Governors clamped down on piracy in their waters, and judicial pressure was backed by naval force to end the outbreak.
	www.kipar.org /piratical-resources/pirate-history.html (502 words)

	Caribbean Pirates
		as the “Golden Age of Piracy.” The Caribbean Sea was thousands of miles from European control, making the region a prime target for pirates who patrolled the seas in order to steal.
		Piracy in the Caribbean began to subside by 1750.
		Piracy is still a problem in the Caribbean, particularly in cases involving illegal drugs, but modern communication technology has made the sea a safer place to travel and trade.
	www.mrdowling.com /710-pirates.html (383 words)

	Pirates of the Caribbean, Pirates and Pets
		Most scholars on Piracy in the Caribbean agree that the Golden Age of Piracy extends from the height of Sir Henry Morgan career until the death of Bartholomew Roberts.
		By 1520, Spain had began a systematic method of convoys to protect the fleets from pirates (or privateers) The last treasure fleet to leave the Main for Spain was in 1790.
		On a side note, most movies that depict piracy* in the Caribbean set the movie historically around 1690-1720 while using ships and weapons from a much later time (1740-1800) For instance Captain Blood is set during the reign of King James II (1685-1689).
	blindkat.hegewisch.net /pirates/GoldenAge.html (493 words)

	NPR : 'Pirates of the Caribbean' Sequel Debuts
		Fresh Air from WHYY, July 7, 2006 · Inspired by a ride at Disneyworld, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl was a surprise blockbuster in 2003, grossing close to half a billion dollars and winning an Oscar nomination for Johnny Depp -- a rare honor for a comic lead performance.
		Yes and no. In some cases, the British government actually commissioned seamen to commit acts of piracy, but with one catch: They were charged to prey only upon Spaniards, British rivals on the high seas and in the New World, and turn over a large portion of the stolen loot to the government.
		Despite our entrenched association of pirates with the 18th-century Caribbean, piracy has existed for as long as people have used the sea for trade, and will forever bedevil ships on the high seas.
	www.npr.org /templates/story/story.php?storyId=5540954 (1297 words)

	Everything about Francis Drake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The most celebrated of Drake's Caribbean adventures is his capture of the Spanish Silver Train at Nombre de Dios in March of 1573.
		Seaborne piracy against transport vessels remains a significant problem (with estimated worldwide losses of $13 to $16 billion USD per year), particularly in the waters between the Pacific and Indian oceans, and specifically in the straits of Malacca and Singapore, used by over 50,000 commercial ships a year.
		Piracy in recent times has increased in areas such as South and Southeast Asia (the South China Sea), parts of South America, and the south of the Red Sea, with pirates now favoring small boats and taking advantage of the small crew numbers on modern cargo vessels.
	wikimiki.org /en/Francis+Drake (11370 words)

	Caribbean
		The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea.
		The Caribbean consists of the Greater and Lesser Antilles and is part of North America.
		Mexico is not a Caribbean country, but has some islands in the Caribbean sea:
	www.askfactmaster.com /Caribbean (456 words)

	Caribbean Net News: Exploits of Caribbean pirates highlighted by museum
		The Caribbean pirates settled in Port Royal after fleeing the famed island of Tortuga, north of Haiti, in the face of a threatened Spanish invasion.
		During those turbulent years, France, Britain and Holland disputed Spain's control of the Caribbean and attacked its ships carrying fabulous treasures.
		Pirate Soul was created by Pat Croce, a former millionaire owner of the Philadelphia Sixers, an NBA team, who has now become a motivational speaker and television celebrity.
	www.caribbeannetnews.com /2005/01/13/pirates.shtml (854 words)

	Eyes on God and Gold: The Importance of Religion during the Golden Age of Caribbean Piracy by Emily Collins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		During the Golden Age of Piracy, from 1680 to around 1725, European and colonial clergy depicted pillagers of the sea as immoral criminals.
		Although pirates during the Golden Age of Piracy were interested in Spanish pieces of eight and other treasure, many pirates were religiously motivated and thus religion played a significant role in their everyday lives.
		The punishment for piracy was well known throughout Europe and the American colonies at that time: any seaman caught aboard a buccaneer ship and who had signed the pirate articles was destined for the gallows.
	toto.lib.unca.edu /sr_papers/srhistory_2005/collins_emily.htm (7272 words)

	JewishJournal.com
		Yet tales of Jewish piracy, which stretch back thousands of years, aren't in the public's consciousness, and Hollywood even has been known to remove a pirate's Jewish background.
		Jewish piracy has been around since well before the Barbary pirates first preyed on ships during the Crusades.
		While some Jews, like Samuel Pallache, took up piracy in part to help make a better life for expelled Spanish Jews, Kritzler said others were motivated by revenge for the Inquisition.
	www.jewishjournal.com /home/preview.php?id=16490 (604 words)

	AEGiS-AP: Caribbean-UK forum in Guyana to focus on trade, international terrorism
		The three-day meeting starting Sunday comes as Caribbean countries ù many former British colonies ù are seeking to redefine their colonial ties.
		Some, such as the British Virgin Islands, are considering independence while others in the Caribbean want to rid themselves of the London-based Privy Council, the highest court in former colonies.
		The region is also concerned about a recent rise in drug trafficking, small-arms trading and piracy in the Caribbean, Insanally said.
	www.aegis.com /news/ap/2002/AP020337.html (491 words)

	Pirates of the Caribbean, in Fact and Fiction
		This page is dedicated to the Golden Age of Piracy, particularly in the Caribbean.
		I have tried to make the site aesthetically pleasing with original artwork as well as public domain image but the central focus is and will remain written information on piracy drawn from a variety of sources.
		The intent of the page is to educate and to give the emerging scholars of piracy a place to start (and perhaps finish) their research on a most fascinating and colorful subject.
	blindkat.hegewisch.net /pirates/pirates.html (424 words)

	Peter R. Galvin. Patterns of Pillage: A Geography of Caribbean-based Piracy in Spanish America, 1536-1718
		A geographer by profession, Galvin’ fascination with piracy led him to this topic, for, as he points out, “The historical geographer reconstructs the stage of the past, whereon the historian discloses the plot.
		The first three chapters provide a basic outline of the rise of Caribbean piracy from the early French corsairs and Elizabethan privateers, to the seventeenth-century buccaneers and freebooters.
		From the middle of the seventeenth century to the end, the rise of the sugar plantations and slave labor forced displaced workers and planters into the marginal coasts of the Spanish mainland.
	www.sochistdisc.org /2005_book_reviews/galvin.htm (498 words)

	Books on Advanced General Buccaneering
		He explores piracy as a response of other European nations to the monopolization of the New World by the Spanish and Portuguese empires.
		An excellent reference, detailing not only the history of piracy from ancient times up through the 20th century, but also analyzes the image of the pirate through contemporary and later literature (fiction and non-fiction) as well as movies.
		Marx, Jenifer, Pirates and Privateers of the Caribbean,, [Krieger Publishing Co., Florida, 1992] Good general text on Caribbean piracy by the wife of underwater archeologist and author, Robert Marx (Port Royal expert).
	www.noquartergiven.net /bibl3.htm (1299 words)

	Books on Specialized Piracy Topics
		Piracy in the Persian Gulf and along the Trucial Coast (the Pirate Coast), told by the man who was adviser to the Sheiks of Bahrain for 31 years.**
		Poolman, Kenneth, The Speedwell Voyage: A Tale of Piracy and Mutiny in the Eighteenth Century, [Naval Institute Press, 1999] The real-life adventures of George Shelvocke, captain of the privateer Speedwell, in 1718.
		Rogozinski, Jan, A Brief History of the Caribbean: From the Arawak and the Carib to the Present, [Facts on File, NY 1992].
	www.noquartergiven.net /bibl4.htm (2410 words)

	Pirates & Privateers: the History of Maritime Piracy - Pirate Havens Tortuga and New Providence
		The last pirate haven to gain prominence in the Caribbean was New Providence in the Bahamas.
		By 1716, piracy had become such a threat to commerce that England decided to neutralize the buccaneers.
		Before long, New Providence was free of buccaneers and piracy throughout the Caribbean had greatly declined.
	www.cindyvallar.com /havens5.html (782 words)

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