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	Chinese history:The Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC)
		A number of ceremonial bronze vessels with inscriptions date from the Shang period; the workmanship on the bronzes attests to a high level of civilization.
		In the whole period of the Slave-Owning System in the Shang Dynasty, struggles for the throne occurred many times, and the internal contradictions of the nobility intensified.
		Di Xin or Zhou, the king of Shang, is known in history as a cruel and debauched tyrant.
	www.chinavoc.com /history/shang.htm (475 words)

	Shang Dynasty - MSN Encarta
		The dynasty ruled what is now north and central China: the Yellow River plain and the area of the modern provinces of Henan, Hebei, and Shandong.
		Shang technology was a combination of Bronze Age and Iron Age elements.
		The succeeding Zhou dynasty did abandon the human sacrifices characteristic of the Shang, but the tyrannical reputation of the last Shang kings may be a later myth.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_781530151/Shang_Dynasty.html (518 words)

	Shang Dynasty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Information about the Shang Dynasty comes from inscriptions on bronze artifacts and oracle bones--turtle shells, cattle scapula or other bones on which were written the first significant corpus of recorded Chinese characters.
		This bronze ritual wine vessel, dating from the Shang Dynasty in the 13th century BC, is housed at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution.
		Shang Zhou, the last Yin king, committed suicide after his army was defeated by the Zhou people.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shang_Dynasty (1026 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Information about the Shang dynasty comes from bronze artifacts and oracle bones, which are turtle shells on which were written the first recorded Chinese characters, found in the Huang He valley.
		The Shang dynasty is believed to have been founded by a rebel leader who overthrew the last Xia ruler.
		Shang Zhou, the last king, committed suicide after his army was defeated by the Zhou people.
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/s/sh/shang_dynasty.html (482 words)

	Shang
		The Shang, rather than the Xia, is considered by most to be the first true dynasty of China.
		The Zhou, the dynasty that followed the Shang, are responsible for the recordings of the kings and capitals of the Shang Dynasty.
		Rather than passing from father to son, the Shang form of descent passed from the eldest brother to the youngest brother.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/china/ancient_china/shang.html (606 words)

	Shang Dynasty Encyclopedia Articles @ NaturalResearch.org (Natural Research) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Some historian says that Shang dynasty is developed by Dong-i race, which is eventually Korean race, and the citizen is only Chinese.
		So, some historian says that the first dynasty of China is not Shang dynasty, because there were many other races such as Dong-i race.
		These divinations can be gleaned for information on the politics, economy, culture, religion, geography, astronomy, calendar, art and medicine of the period, and as such provide critical insight into the early stages of the Chinese civilization.
	www.naturalresearch.org /encyclopedia/Shang_dynasty (1000 words)

	Shang Dynasty Summary
		One of the most important characteristics of the Shang, as it appears from the surviving traces of their civilization, is that the basis of the empire's governance was a comprehensive combination of religious ceremony and state ritual.
		Alliances between the Shang core authority and other clans were in a constant state of flux, and the true area through which the king and his retinue could travel safely was limited to the heartland of the Shang state in northern and eastern Henan and western Shandong.
		This bronze ritual wine vessel, dating from the Shang Dynasty in the 13th century BC, is housed at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution.
	www.bookrags.com /Shang_Dynasty (2067 words)

	Shang Dynasty - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Shang Dynasty - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		The Chinese written language is of an old and conservative type that assigns a single distinctive symbol, or character, to each syllable.
		The Shang civilization grew directly from the achievements of the Neolithic cultural period (about 4000-2000 bc), an important...
	encarta.msn.com /Shang_Dynasty.html (117 words)

	Xia, Shang, Yin, Zhou, Qin,
		The Shang dynasty is believed to have been founded by a rebel leader who overthrew the last (still legendary) Xia ruler.
		The term Yin Dynasty has been synonymous with the Shang dynasty in history, although lately it has been used specifically in reference to the latter half of the Shang.
		The Zhou dynasty was founded by the Ji family and had its capital at Hao (near the present-day city of Xi'an).
	www.crystalinks.com /chinadynasties.html (1203 words)

	Search Tuna Report for shang dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Professor Yin Weizhang chronicles the history of China's second hereditary dynasty which ruled from the 17th through the 11th centuries BC Reviews the history of the Shang dynasty, an aristocratic culture utilizing bronze weapons and horse-drawn chariots in their quest for power....
		In historiography, the Zhou dynasty marks the began of the feudal phase of Chinese history, a period which is said to extend to the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911....
		Traditional knowledge of the Shang was based on the records of their Zhou conquerors, not an unbiased source, and on bronze inscriptions studied by Chinese scholars from the Song dynasty onwards....
	www.searchtuna.com /ftlive2/1229.html (2023 words)

	China: One Hundred Treasures Exhibition on Asianart.com
		The early stage was equal to the Xia period (2Ist -16th century BCE), the middle stage was from the Shang dynasty to the early period of Western Zhou (16th -10th century BCE), while the later stage extended from the later period of the Western Zhou to the Spring and Autumn period (9th-5th century BCE).
		From the later period of the Shang dynasty to the early Western Zhou period, China's Bronze Age reached its peak, as casting techniques were perfected.
		The Tang dynasty porcelain industry produced two main ceramic wares: ''blue of the south" and "white of the north,'' which is to say that the south produced mainly celadon and the north produced mainly white-glazed porcelain.
	www.asianart.com /israel/intro.html (2218 words)

	Chinese History - Shang Dynasty å• and Shang cultures (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		Taiwan R.O.C. The Shang Dynasty (also called Yin æ®· after the last capital near modern Anyang å®é½/Henan) is the second of the Three Holy Dynasties (San Dai, Sandaiãä¸ä»£) of Chinese historiography (Xia å¤, Shang å•, and Zhou å‘¨).
		Since all the events of this historical period, reported by sources written many hundred years later, cannot be taken seriously, many scholars at the end of the 19th century thought the Shang Dynasty to be purely mythical.
		Only the discovering of oracle bones at the begin of the 20th century and the deciphering of the incised inscriptions (oracle bone inscriptions, jiaguwen ç”²éª¨æ—) proved that at least the last part of the Shang was indeed a historical period.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Myth/shang.html (292 words)

	[No title]
		Wu Wang believed that after a dynasty had lost the mandate of heaven, it was not a crime to overthrow that government.
		The Shang dynasty began around 1600 BC and ended, when king Zhou was defeated around 1100 BC by the upcoming Zhou people under their leader Wuwang.
		The homeland of the Shang was the area west of the Shangdong peninsula at the Yellow Sea, roughly between Beijing and Shanghai.
	www.lycos.com /info/shang-dynasty--kings.html (459 words)

	About China-History-Shang Dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The chief of Shang tribe, Tang, led uprising army and overthrew the Xia Dynasty (The 21st to the 17th century BC).
		It emerged in the Shang Dynasty (The 16th - the 11th century BC) and was considered as the oldest script in China.
		During the Shang Dynasty, the ancients reckoned the natural elements as the exertion of some mystical power.
	www.toureasy.net /html/aboutchina/ChineseHistory/Shang.htm (1129 words)

	Chinese Dynasties
		Shang dynasty endured roughly from 1700 to 1027 B.C. The Shang dynasty (also called the Yin dynasty in its later stages) is believed to found by a rebel leader who overthrew the last Xia ruler.
		The Zhou dynasty had its capital at Hao, near the city of Xi'an, or Chang'an, as it was known in its heyday in the imperial period.
		The Zhou dynasty lasted longer than any other, from 1027 to 221 B.C.Initially from Shang, there was the notion that the ruler (the "son of heaven”) governed by divine right but that his dethronement would prove that he had lost the mandate.
	chinatravelz.com /china/chinese-history (2064 words)

	Shang Dynasty
		The Shang Dynasty (17th-11th century BC) is the second slave dynasty in Chinese history.
		The Shang basically followed the system of a hereditary monarchy with the younger brother succeeding the elder one at first, and gradually developing into the eldest-son succession system in the later period of the Shang.
		Based on the Xia calendar, the Shang used a lunar calendar that was combined with the solar year through the addition of an intercalary month once every few years to make up the difference between a year of 12 lunar months and a solar year.
	www.chinaculture.org /gb/en_aboutchina/2003-09/24/content_22689.htm (437 words)

	Ancient China: The Shang, 1766-1050 BC
		Ancient China: The Shang, 1766-1050 BC The Shang Dynasty, 1766-1050 BC In history according to the Chinese, the Shang dynasty began when T'ang, a man of great virtue and wisdom, overthrew the decadent emperor Chieh, the last of the Hsia dynasty.
		Like the previous dynasty, the Shang eventually declined and ended with the ignominious rule of the last Shang king, Chou; he was overthrown by King Wen and his son Wu who began the third dynasty of China, the Chou.
		This dual function would, in the Chou dynasty, be attributed to a more abstract figure, "t'ien," or "Heaven." The Shang also believed that their ancestors dwelled in heaven after their death and continued to show an interest in their family and descendants.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/ANCCHINA/SHANG.HTM (685 words)

	jiagu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In this view, the two palace foundations, the elite burials, the ceremonial jade blades and sceptres, the bronze axes and dagger axes, and the simple ritual bronzes--said to be the earliest yet found in China--of Erh-li-t'ou III (c.
		While these walls and palaces have been variously identified by modern scholars--the identification now favoured is of Cheng-chou as Po, the capital of the Shang dynasty during the reign of T'ang, the dynasty's founder--their dynastic affiliations are yet to be firmly established.
		And Hsiao-t'un itself lay at the centre of a larger network of Late Shang sites--such as Hsing-t'ai to the north and Hsin-hsiang to the south--in southern Hopeh and northern Honan.
	jgw.ayinfo.ha.cn /en/Shangdynasty.htm (743 words)

	Shang Dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The religion in the time of the Shang dynasty was based on ancestor worship and a worship of many gods; the main god was known as Shang Ti, the Lord on High.
		The fall of the Shang dynasty was much like that of the Xia dynasty, the last king was a cruel tyrant.
		The Chou dynasty was part of the Shang kingdom; its civilization was a combination of the Shang culture and that of non-Chinese civilizations.
	library.thinkquest.org /12255/library/dynasty/shang.html (226 words)

	Montgomery County Public Schools - Social Studies Department
		The Shang also believed that the dead could have power to help them if the remains of the person were properly visited and served through the offering of small gifts of things like flowers and food.
		These inventions helped the Shang to become the strongest among several groups of Chinese settlers who were living in the area at the time.
		Another thing that caused the Shang Dynasty to end was that the last two Shang kings did not put the interest of the people before their own.
	www.mcps.k12.md.us /curriculum/Socialstd/resources/shang.html (1188 words)

	Shang Dynasty Oracle Bone - Picture - ninemsn Encarta
		Shang Dynasty Oracle Bone - Picture - ninemsn Encarta
		The Shang inscribed animal bones with records of the king’s predictions on topics such as the weather and harvests.
		The archaeological discovery of the Shang oracle-bone inscriptions in the early 20th century proved the historical existence of this Chinese dynasty.
	au.encarta.msn.com /media_701508944/Shang_Dynasty_Oracle_Bone.html (58 words)

	Chinese History: Shang Dynasty, China History, China Dynasty
		Last Update : 9/26/2007 11:56:06 PM In the train of the Xia Dynasty (21st - 16th century BC), Shang Dynasty is the second hereditary slavery country in Chinese history.
		Last Update : 9/26/2007 11:57:07 PM From the rule of King Tang to King Taiwu, the ninth emperor, Shang Dynasty was in the consolidating and developing period.
		To the rule of Zhou, the Last emperor of the Shang Dynasty, struggles between the royal family and the nobles developed to the zenith.
	www.warriortours.com /intro/history/shang (1186 words)

	Stunning capital of Xia Dynasty unearthed
		Situated in the central area of the Xia Dynasty as shown in historical records chronologized as in the Xia Dynasty, the Erlitou Ruins naturally became a key site in the exploration of the Xia culture as well as the division between Xia and Shang dynasties.
		It witnessed the prosperity of the Xia and the transmission from the Xia to the Shang.
		In the 20th century, the discovery of inscriptions on tortoise shells or animal bones and excavation of the Yin Ruins of Anyang proved the existence of the Shang Dynasty.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /en/doc/2003-11/11/content_280475.htm (1585 words)

	Shang Dynasty, Chinese History, China Dynasties, Ancient Chinese History
		Originally a tribe living in the lower regions of the Yellow River during the Xia Dynasty (21st - 16th century BC), the Shang Dynasty was established by King Tang in 1675 BC after overthrowing the tyrannical rule of Jie, (the last emperor of the Xia Dynasty).
		During the final period of the dynasty, the country was in turmoil and vassals from other countries began to rebel.
		This intensified conflicts across the kingdom and the Shang Dynasty was finally overthrown by Wu (chief of Zhou tribe), ending the long reign of the Shang Dynasty in Chinese history.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/history/shang (811 words)

	Zhou
		The Zhou began as a semi-nomadic tribe that lived to the west of the Shang kingdom.
		The Shang were also weakened due to their constant warfare with people to the north.
		Of these three, Legalism had the most immediate effect, as it was the philosophy that the Qin, the next dynasty used as the basis of their rule.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/china/ancient_china/zhou.html (714 words)

	Shang Dynasty, Oracle Script, Chinese Dynasties, Ancient Chinese History
		The characters were usually carved on tortoise shells or animal bones recording the divination for the future in the later period of Shang Dynasty (14th - 11th century BC).
		The rulers during the Shang Dynasty believed in the god and ghost.
		Many important events of the Shang Dynasty concerning the society, economy and culture were recorded in Oracle Script, giving us a fascinating insight into how these people lived.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/history/shang.htm (408 words)

	Shang-Dynasty
		After the defeat of the last king of Xia-dynasty circa 1600 B.C., the kingdom of Shang took over the assumption of power, and large areas around the river of Huanghe were put under the rule of the new royal house.
		During the reign of Shang the chinese came to a climax in their bronze-development.
		This period was later known as the golden age of The Shang Dynasty.
	heim.ifi.uio.no /~huut/shang.html (1455 words)

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