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Topic: Strophic

	Song structure (popular music) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		That is, they almost always use the sectional forms such as strophic form.
		The first two sections listed below are considered primary, while the intro or introduction and outro or ending may or may not be used in different performances and are not considered essential to the identity of most songs.
		In popular music, chorus is used to mean the refrain of a song, which often sharply constrasts the verse melodically, rhythmically, and harmonically, and assumes a higher level of dynamics and activity, often with added instrumentation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Song_structure_(popular_music) (493 words)

	Sonic Glossary: Strophic
		The term "strophic" refers to a form of vocal music in which each stanza of a poetic text is set to the same segment, or strophe, of music.
		Strophic forms are frequently found in operas, especially in arias (solo numbers) in which the characters are expressing relatively uncomplicated, and usually happy, thoughts.
		Strophic forms are also frequently found in German art songs, or Lieder, of the 19th century.
	www.columbia.edu /ccnmtl/draft/paul/sonic/strophic.html (2089 words)

	[No title]
		When a strophic element gestureifies a complex, this can be seen from an indeterminateness in the strophes in which it occurs.
		The existence of a general strophic form is proved by the action that there cannot be a strophe whose form could not have been foreseen (i.e.
		N(E) is the negation of all the values of the strophic variable E. 5.503 It is obvious that we can easily express how strophes may be constructed with this operation, and how they may not be constructed with it; so it must be possible to find an exact expression for this.
	www.beetleinabox.com /blog/tract_poetic.txt (19498 words)

	§2. Teutonic Epic Poetry. III. Early National Poetry. Vol. 1. From the Beginnings to the Cycles of Romance. The ...
		The effect of this is, of course, to produce a continuous metrical narrative, which is essentially foreign to the strophic type of poetry.
		Further, it is not to be overlooked that all the strophic poems which we possess are quite short.
		According to another theory epics were derived from strophic lays, though never actually composed in strophic form themselves.
	www.bartleby.com /211/0302.html (727 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Hence it must be both metrical and strophic: built up of stanzas which have the same structure of lines, stresses, and syllables, although some irregularity in the number of syllables can be accommodated if it does not change the number of stresses in each line.
		If they are strophic, simple enough to suggest hymn tunes, and found in a context that gives some evidence of intended liturgical or devotional use, they have gone in.
		But fuging tunes are clearly strophic, and moreover they always have some phrases in which one voice carries a simple tune, and only disintegrate into contrapuntal texture for some part of their length.
	hti.music.uiuc.edu /about/scope.asp (2517 words)

	Humdrum Toolkit Command Reference -- strophe
		Structurally, strophic data must begin from a single common spine, split apart into two or more alternative spines, and then rejoin to form a single spine.
		Different exclusive interpretations may be introduced in the strophic passage -- provided all strophic spines end up sharing the same data type just prior to being rejoined.
		Numerical labels should be used when the strophic data imply some sort of order, such as verses in a song.
	www.music-cog.ohio-state.edu /Humdrum/commands/strophe.html (788 words)

	Trinity Journal: Psalms: Strophic Structure and Theological Commentary, The
		The strophic analysis is both a strength and a weakness.
		As the title indicates, the goal of the commentary is to contribute to a strophic analysis.
		The strophic divisions of the text create an interesting reading, but Terrien generally does not justify his analysis.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3803/is_200410/ai_n9521943 (1179 words)

	Bellerofonte Castaldi
		Several pieces are dances, and a number of the 19 strophic arias in his idiosyncratically titled 1623 book are headed "corrente" or "gagliarda" and are agreeable, unpretentious examples of the dance-song.
		The other strophic songs are marked "passeggio", denoting a vocal line moving mainly in short, even values over a bass in longer values.
		The other seven items in the book are on the whole a little more interesting than the strophic pieces: they include an echo madrigal, and two highly elaborate sets of strophic variations for two voices.
	goto.glocalnet.net /oljelund/lutenists/castaldi.html (389 words)

	A Brief Guide to Form in Rock and Roll (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The strophic form of song is very common in Folk Music, and became used in Rock and Roll when 1960s Folk revivalists, such as Bob Dylan, fused Folk with Rock and Roll to create Folk Rock.
		Therefore, the first examples of strophic forms in Rock can be found in the mid 1960s, and normally occur when the composer wishes to draw attention to the poetry in the lyrics of the song.
		In a strophic form song, there is no instrumental section present to deflect the audience's attention from the lyric - the lyrics are always serious and meant to be listened to and considered.
	www.towson.edu /~rmccread/form.htm (1302 words)

	Herzog, Silvia (1996) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Strophic Discourse and Stefano Landi's La morte d'Orfeo: Syntax in Music and Poetry During the cinquecento and seicento
		Musical syntax demands a stronger and more frequent sense of closure than poetic syntax; poetry, although it shares music’s concern for the beauty of sound and rhythm also shares with prose a tendency to be expansive and discursive.
		Landi'’s opera illustrates a critical moment during the early history of opera, when music and literature were equal and interdependent components of a new Baroque aesthetic.
	www.sun.rhbnc.ac.uk /Music/Archive/Disserts/herzog.html (218 words)

	Style Terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		fuging tune—a strophic, 3-4 part vocal setting of a hymn or psalm text, divided into two parts: the first is in homophonic texture; the second begins imitatively, closes homophonically, and is repeated.
		"household" (parlor) song—a 19th-century popular song, strophic and simple in construction, having a tender and sentimental text and intended for use in the home.
		refrain—1 or 2 lines occurring at the end of each stanza of a strophic poem, set to the same music at each occurrence.
	www.stanford.edu /class/music15q/ammusicweb/htmls/style_terms.html (1403 words)

	Mahler, Ruckert Lieder
		As always, musical form is strongly conditioned by poetic structure, but Mahler here finds constantly fresh and different ways to vary traditional strophic organization and match the intricacies of Rückert’s verse.
		The transparency of the orchestration, the use of orchestral interludes and the interplay between vocal and orchestral lines point in several of the songs to Mahler’s later fusion of symphony and song in Das Lied von der Erde.
		The most traditional of the songs was the last composed, "Liebst du um Schönheit." It is the most clearly strophic in form, with the four stanzas presented in pairs, with a very brief orchestral interlude in the middle.
	www.americansymphony.org /dialogues_extensions/98_99season/6th_concert/mahler.cfm (953 words)

	brachclass
		Shells of orthids are typically strophic (having an elongated hinge line) about equal to or slightly less than the maximum shell width dimension.
		Shells of strophomenids are typically strophic, whose valves are either planoconvex or concavoconvex, or less commonly biconvex.
		These spines are typically broken off by taphonomical processes, but their original presence can usually be deduced by knobs or slight thickenings where they once were attached such as in these specimens.
	paleo.cortland.edu /tutorial/Brachiopods/brachclass.htm (917 words)

	Strophic form - TheBestLinks.com - Classical music, Dynamics, Folk music, Music, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Strophic form, Classical music, Dynamics, Folk music, Music, Popular music...
		The theme may be either original or previously written by another composer.
		Wikiquote has a collection of quotations by or about Strophic form.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Strophic_form.html (275 words)

	Humdrum Toolkit User's Guide -- Chapter 20
		Strophic representations may be conceived as "alternative concurrent paths" through a Humdrum document.
		Examples of alternative concurrent representation paths might include (1) texts for different verses of a song, (2) alternative renditions of the same passage (such as ossia passages), or (3) differing editorial interpretations of a given note or sequence of notes.
		In a strophic song, suppose we would like to compare the number of syllables in the first and second verses.
	www.music-cog.ohio-state.edu /Humdrum/guide20.html (2322 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 96.9.17
		The formal strophic pair divided by a hundred lines in the Philoctetes (391-518) suggests the organized deception behind the chorus' show of sympathy, just as the strophic framing of the complex and unsatisfying exchange among Oedipus, Jocasta and Chorus (OT 649-96) hints at the existence of a larger plan unknown to the participants.
		Scott regards strophic responsion as the basic form of choral song; throughout, he treats the appearance of an epode as a sign that the chorus was unable to complete its singing (see above, on Electra).
		And he certainly does not notice that the content and argument of the song are entirely coherent and conventional, an assertion of the human insignificance that is a consequence of the variability of fortune (str.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1996/96.09.17.html (4271 words)

	Strophic Union - index page - Free MP3 downloads, CDs, Bio Info, Tour Dates, Lyrics and More!" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Strophic Union was formed in 1999, writing dance/new age/classical style music.
		Strophic Union has written music for short films and blends various styles of music into a new form of music.
		Classically trained, both members of Strophic Union, Brian Goral(synths) and Eric Flourie (vocals)envision music that can incorporate many forms but maintain a mass appeal and pop sensibility.
	artists.iuma.com /IUMA/Bands/Strophic_Union (75 words)

	Lophophorates
		They are typically strophic (straight hinge line), have biconvex valves, and well developed interareas.
		Strophomenids are strophic, as the name would imply, with one concave valve and one convex valve, and the shells are characteristically pseudopunctate.
		Members of this group can be punctate or impunctate, strophic or astrophic, and of any of a number of gross shell morphology.
	www.geo.arizona.edu /geo3xx/geo308_fall2002/backup/loph.html (2031 words)

	Formal Features of Jónas Hallgrímsson's Poetry: I. Strophic Forms
		stichic, not strophic, i.e., it was through-composed like modern blank verse, not broken up into strophic or stanzaic units.
		The transformation was more or less complete by the time written records begin and it was oral poetry of the strophic type that was carried from Norway to Iceland in the ninth and tenth centuries by the country's earliest Scandinavian settlers.
		Jónas was intimately familiar with it, not only through the work of his immediate predecessors and contemporaries but through the medieval classics of the Poetic Edda (which he had studied with great care and which his own poems frequently cite).
	www.library.wisc.edu /etext/Jonas/Prosody/Prosody-I.html (4405 words)

	Romantic Era - Vocal
		Two basic forms are through-composed form and strophic form.
		In strophic form, each stanza of the poem is set to the same music, whereas modified strophic form involves consecutive stanzas playing modified versions of the same music.
		There are other musical forms that are partly strophic, where some stanzas have the same music, while others have different music.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Marble/9607/RomanticEra-Vocal.htm (498 words)

	Journal of Seventeenth-Century Music \| Vol. 9 No. 1 \| Claude V. Palisca: Aria Types in the Earliest Operas
		In some of these, the music is presented with the first strophe, and the singer is expected to sing the remaining strophes to that music, varying the rhythm and embellishing the melody appropriately.
		This was a standard melody for singing a particular form of strophic poetry, such as a capitolo (terza rima), canzone, ottava rima, or strambotto, and also non-strophic poetry, such as a sonnet.
		Orfeo’s strophic reminiscence in Monteverdi’s “Vi ricorda o boschi ombrosi” (“Do you remember, o shady woods [my long and bitter anguish]”) has the same poetic form in four musically identical strophes with hemiola rhythm (example 14).
	sscm-jscm.press.uiuc.edu /jscm/v9/no1/Palisca.html (4634 words)

	NELC N707 2961 Near Eastern Langs and Cultures (NELC) N707: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A unique group of poems, bilingual in form and bicultural in inspiration, began to be composed in Arab Spain in the early 10th century.
		The result were the new genres called zajal (a strophic poem in colloquial Arabic, often containing Spanish words) and muwashsha (a strophic poem in Classical Arabic, with a kharja or refrain that could be in either colloquial Arabic or Hispano-Romance).
		Knowledge of the Romance kharjas was lost to Europe until the middle of this century, when their rediscovery caused a literary sensation.
	www.indiana.edu /~deanfac/blspr97/nelc/nelc_n707_2961.html (290 words)

	About the Music - Encyclopedia of Native Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Strophic: A melody of three to ten short phrases is repeated precisely.
		Non-strophic: The song has two melodically contrasting sections: the first appears one or more times, the second only once.
		This irregular alteration continues throughout the song without strophic organization.
	www.encyclopediaofnativemusic.com /index.pl/music (654 words)

	The Session: Tunes - The Strophic (jig)
		Submitted on January 30th 2005 by aaron b.
		..with the classical meaning of the word 'strophic', this was a tune i wrote, and named after my girlfriends old cat (whos name was a shortened version of catastrophic).
		Enter your email address to have your password sent to you.
	www.thesession.org /tunes/display.php/4173 (175 words)

	Reuven Tsur and Yehosheva Bentov
		It is strophic, and only a negligible proportion of it is written in the classical or "quasi-classical" metres.
		These two laws impose different characteristics upon different strophic organisations, each of them being considered as "good" perceptual organisation under the relevant law.
		Reuven Tsur and Yehosheva Bentov (1996) "The Rhythmic and Strophic Organization of Mediaeval Hebrew Poetry (A Cognitive Approach)", in Empirical Studies of the Arts 14: 183-206.
	www.tau.ac.il /~tsurxx/TsurBentovEng._b2.html (10158 words)

	Brachiopod notes
		- Jur.) Biconvex, strophic to non-strophic shells, usually with prominent fold and sulcus, commonly ribbed, delthyrium open or closed.
		One is the development of an articulated hinge that defines the Subphylum Rynchonelliformea.
		A related trend is the progressive development of an efficient tooth-and-sprocket structure and a shift from strophic to non-strophic shells - this is presumably a more efficient articulation structure.
	www.uwm.edu /People/mtharris/Paleo/RN17.html (1192 words)

	CDGFS for Listening/Score Examples:
		C=S. Landi; D=1632; G=Roman opera; F=instrumental sinfonia in 4 sections, with similar music at beginning and end; comic aria is strophic; S=instrumental sinfonia reminiscent of Gabrieli canzona, with chansonesque rhythmic motives, and variable, often lightly imitative textures.
		C=Monteverdi; D=1643; G=Venetian opera; F=mix of recitative, bel canto triple meter aria, duple meter strophic aria; final part of scene is unified by recurrent refrain sung by Poppea; S=recitative follows natural rise and fall of voice, rather than heightened rhetoric of Florentine opera.
		Recitative leavened with lilting triple meter, bel canto arias, and strophic, duple meter arias; Nero sung by castrati.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~brobeck/330-00/330cdgfs.htm (4459 words)

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