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Topic: Structuralist


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  Structuralist Primer
The structuralist response to such an observation is sharp and strong and unquavering: The meaning of spoken expressions is irrelevant.
This is because the structuralist perspective is either the basis of anthropological linguistic descriptions or the foil against which alternative anthropological descriptions are raised.
If you are to understand the structuralist perspective, you must understand that it is, at its core, a deeply psychological perspective which presumes that the human mind is specially gifted to discern the abstract in the concrete, the general in the specific, the unitary in the diverse, and the universal in the particular.
www.uwm.edu /People/wash/MIRROR3.htm   (4811 words)

  
 Continental Holism
Even though it is mostly agreed that Saussure is the matrix of structuralist discourse, it is a fact that he used the word 'structure' only three times in his Course in General Linguistics, the transcription of his lectures at the University of Geneva, from 1907 to 1915.
From Saussure, the structuralist tradition inherits the view that language is a social institution 'in various respects distinct from political, juridical and other institutions.' Its specificity lies in the fact that language 'is a system of signs expressing ideas...
In opposition to the principle of immanence, characterizing the structuralist legacy since the beginning, Derrida's strategy is not aimed at the understanding of linguistic structure as a concrete totality but at the identification of the fundamental aporia which he deems to haunt the concept of totality itself.
faculty.vassar.edu /giborrad/holism.htm   (8137 words)

  
 Structuralist Theory   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
Structuralists worked their particular reading strategy on everything from mythology to linguistics to anthropology.
Structuralist criticism is less interested in interpreting what literary works mean than in explaining how they can mean what they mean; that is, in showing what implicit rules and conventions are operating in a given work to limit the possibilities of meanings in a text.
The Structuralist approach is an interesting and instructive approach, but as much as it discloses, it necessarily blinds the reader to what is ultimately the point of literature—it turns its back on meaning.
www.calvertonschool.org /Waldspurger/pages/structur.htm   (2117 words)

  
 Structuralism   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
Holistic means that structuralist theorists consider in any case the "whole" (that's to say the system, or the international context) more important than the "parts" (that is single actors, organizations, or states), and according to them states' conducts could be explained only considering the whole context in which they operate.
The structuralist approach doesn't exclude presence and role of agency (it doesn't deny that States are actors endowed with will and choice and whose acts are freely deliberated); simply, it assigns a greater role to the context in addressing or constraining actors' choice.
Structuralist ontology implies that, even if a system emerges from interactions between individual units, it become a "coop" where individual units themselves have no or little free choice in setting their conduct.
www.aipcnet.it /Chiara/Testi.php   (1375 words)

  
 The Postmodernism Generator: Communications From Elsewhere   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
If one examines structuralist neodialectic theory, one is faced with a choice: either accept modernism or conclude that reality is used to marginalize the proletariat.
The premise of structuralist neodialectic theory implies that the State is intrinsically used in the service of outmoded, elitist perceptions of society.
Therefore, Sontag uses the term 'structuralist neodialectic theory' to denote the absurdity, and eventually the defining characteristic, of structuralist sexual identity.
www.elsewhere.org /cgi-bin/postmodern/32316.2155396693   (1149 words)

  
 Marxist Theory and Criticism: 2. Structuralist Marxism
The deeper question that Althusser poses for contemporary Marxist thought is whether the concerns of the structuralists, who challenge the veracity of lived experience and the general empiricism of the human sciences, is compatible with Marxism's commitment to political criticism and practical social activity.
Anderson's assault on structuralist forms of Marxism as developed by Althusser and Jameson is important to consider at this juncture, for it recognizes that the future of Marxism is linked to genuinely philosophical problems.
The strongest challenge to structuralist Marxism may come not from the high ground of theory but from other movements that, since the 1960s, have put the question of ideology into multiple forms, movements such as feminism and ethnic studies.
www.press.jhu.edu /books/hopkins_guide_to_literary_theory/marxist_theory_and_criticism-_2.html   (3544 words)

  
 [No title]
Thus, whereas the structuralist dissolution of the subject proved untenable and was ultimately abandoned, it forced a rethinking of the kind of subjectivity that underwrote prestructuralist humanism (II: 324-63).
Consequently, the structuralist ambition of basing the sciences of man solely on culture, modeled by linguistic rules, appeared somewhat foreign to the geographer's concerns for basing disciplinary unity on the correlationship [?] between levels of nature and culture.
Indeed, the history of structuralist thought is the history of a refusal to view languages and texts, human beings and cultures, as random assemblages of inexplicable elements.
jefferson.village.virginia.edu /pmc/text-only/issue.997/review-1.997   (3346 words)

  
 Process structuralism   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
I subscribe to a school of biological thought often termed “process structuralism.” Process or biological structuralism is concerned with understanding the formal, generative rules underlying organic forms, and focuses on the system architectures of organisms and their interrelationships.
Since the structuralist perspective runs somewhat perpendicular to the origins debate, creationists and evolutionists tend to see it as inimical to their positions.
Structuralists' lack of commitment to an historical theory of biology allows them to explore the historical evidence more objectively.
www.rsternberg.net /Structuralism.htm   (244 words)

  
 Ultra-modernism: the structuralist case   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
Where it is of interest is in a historical perspective, in that it represents one of the most thorough-going versions of modernist thinking in sociology, and a series of ideas which remain current in, for example, much neo-Marxist as well as much "post-structuralist" thought.
I'll mostly be talking about Lévi-Strauss and Althusser, who are the best-known strictly structuralist theorists and can certainly be said to be critical in terms of their political positions and the implications of some of their work, if not always in terms of reflexivity.
The net effect of all of this is that relational approaches have a tendency towards what we can properly describe as structuralist accounts, that is accounts which derive all of social reality from the operation and permutation of a limited number of basic concepts; ideally this number can be reduced to one.
www.iol.ie /~mazzoldi/toolsforchange/SandM/lect3.html   (4254 words)

  
 Pre-Structuralist and Structuralist Narratology   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
The study of the narrative is a field which seems particularly appropriate for structuralist or semiotic approaches, as notions such as sequentiality, gradation, resolution, rhythm, suspense and so forth render it liable to a kind oflogical, “scientific” analysis.
Structuralist narratologists were not content anymore with the traditional notions of character, setting, events, and attempted to view them from a more exact and unifying perspective.
However, the influence of narratology beyond its structuralist heyday can hardly be overestimated at present, when some of its concepts can be found among the common working instruments of cultural studies, of feminist and postcolonial theories.
www.unibuc.ro /eBooks/lls/RaduSurdulescu-FormStructuality/Pre-Structuralist%20and%20Structuralist%20Narratology.htm   (4986 words)

  
 Structuralist theology: structuralism and literary criticism
It’s true that for structuralist psychoanalysts or structuralist literary critics there are certain words which cannot easily be avoided, words to which humanity has a habit of sticking – like ‘love’ or ‘desire’, or even ‘body’.
But when you encounter such gross and impure words as these in structuralist writing you should by no means idly assume that they mean to the structuralist what they mean to you.
For the real reason the structuralist has come knocking at your door is that his parched, dried soul is craving for the moisture of a little ordinary humanity.
www.richardwebster.net /structuralisttheology.html   (2876 words)

  
 1DERRIDA.LEC   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
Thus structuralist readings ignore the specificity of actual texts and treat them as if they were like the patterns produced by iron filings moved by magnetic force--the result of some impersonal force or power, not the result of human effort.
Some structuralists (and a related school of critics, called the Russian Formalists) propose that ALL narratives can be charted as variations on certain basic universal narrative patterns.
Structuralists can't account for change or development; they are uninterested, for example, in how literary forms may have changed over time.
www.colorado.edu /English/ENGL2012Klages/1derrida.html   (1712 words)

  
 English 571: Romani on Barthes   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
A literary structuralist analysis is related to the Saussurian methodology, developed for the study of language.
Put simply, a structuralist literary critic is more interested in the 'how' rather in the 'what' of literature.
At this regard, Barthes points out that structuralism is not a method, but rather an activity, which decentralizes the authority of the author --who is not anymore 'the' source of meaning-- and creates a 'literary space' where both the writer, the reader and the text itself construct the meaning of the object.
www.english.upenn.edu /~jenglish/Courses/romani.html   (322 words)

  
 Social Research: Structuralist economics: worldly philosophers, models, and methodology
Context is a main ingredient in structuralist economics, and also is central to the work of Heilbroner's great thinkers.
A system-wide approach is also notable in the work of the classical economists highlighted by Heilbroner (for example, Ricardo's emphasis on distributive conflict between landowners and peasants, industrialists and workers, affecting the entire economy and society).
As discussed later, applied structuralist models either investigate existing socioeconomic circumstances to seek historical regularities that might be modified for the better (usually growth and/or distributive outcomes) or consider how conditions may need major adjustment if there is to be any hope for a more satisfactory economic life.
www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2267/is_2_71/ai_n6157395   (1300 words)

  
 Structuralist (from myth) --  Encyclopædia Britannica   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
Structuralist approaches to myth are based on the analogy of myth to language.
Structuralist analysis aims at uncovering what it sees as the logic of myth.
More results on "Structuralist (from myth)" when you join.
www.britannica.com /eb/article-23572?tocId=23572   (946 words)

  
 Crisp Volume 6 No 14
The separation between the individual and the state compounded by a prolonged social and economic crisis tends to lead to a structuralist explanation of poverty, a process of externalizing blame (Kluegel and Smith 1981).
Past research (e.g., Hunt 1996) viewed the individualist versus the structuralist dimension at two extreme bipolar ends in which two beliefs either structural or individualistic were inconsistently held together.
Although structuralist attributions were the highest across the board, surprisingly, low class Muslims did not give a higher structuralist attribution than did the high-class participants, negating the system blame hypothesis.
www.uiowa.edu /~grpproc/crisp/crisp.6.14.htm   (4180 words)

  
 [No title]
He consistently discusses and analyzes pieces according to principles of their internal structural coherence; the Bloomian aspect, to the extent there is one, lies in the commentary that Straus then adds to the essentially structuralist analyses.
But it is only the extremely traditional -- in other words, highly structuralist and organicist -- analytic work of the chapter that supports that thesis.
Here is where Straus' encounter with literary theory may reflect on all of us as music theorists: to a great degree, the problems of *Remaking the Past* are the problems that all of us may experience when we try to integrate any post-structuralist theory to our work.
www.societymusictheory.org /mto/issues/mto.94.0.11/mto.94.0.11.krims.art   (3825 words)

  
 Roland Barthes - French Social and Literary Critic and Structuralist - Biography
His father died in a naval battle in Barthes' infancy, forcing his mother to move to Bayonne.
In his early work, Barthes was a structuralist and semiotician, influenced by the writings of Ferdinand de Saussure's study of signs and signification.
He preferred not to classify his thought, evident in the range of subject-matter for analysis in his works, often to provoke the bourgeoisie.
www.egs.edu /resources/barthes.html   (818 words)

  
 Structuralist Poetics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
The study of the poetic function should not be restricted by the structuralist critic to poetry, but should encompass instead all art messages and be included in the overall context of semiotics.
If in Riffaterre’s response there are revealed the interpretive limitations of the pure structuralist method, as it was used in a “happily positivistic” mood by Jakobson and Lévi-Strauss, other concepts and principles propounded by these early structuralists gained ground in the course of time and became widely spread tools in the analysis of poetry.
A STRUCTURALIST POETICS proper was not formulated however before 1975, when Jonathan Culler published his influential study bearing that title, where he attempted to adapt the French type of structuralism to the American critical tradition.
www.unibuc.ro /eBooks/lls/RaduSurdulescu-FormStructuality/Structuralist%20Poetics.htm   (1175 words)

  
 Termpapers on Sociology:Outline and assess Structuralist theories of crime and deviance.
Termpapers on Sociology:Outline and assess Structuralist theories of crime and deviance.
All Structuralist theories of crime and deviance seem to suggest that crime is socially constructed rather than focused on the individual.
Albert Cohen, combining Structuralist and sub cultural theories drew on Merton's idea of strain but criticized Merton's ideas of crime being an individual response and believed that he ignored non-utilitarian crimes such as vandalism and joy-riding.
www.custompapers.net /research/SociologyOutline_and_assess_S-165481.html   (214 words)

  
 Post Structuralism by Roger Jones   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
In the 1960's, the structuralist movement, based in France, attempted to synthesise the ideas of Marx, Freud and Saussure.
For the structuralist the individual is shaped by sociological, psychological and linguistic structures over which he/she has no control, but which could be uncovered by using their methods of investigation.
Firstly, he did not think that there were definite underlying structures that could explain the human condition and secondly he thought that it was impossible to step outside of discourse and survey the situation objectively.
www.philosopher.org.uk /poststr.htm   (921 words)

  
 Greenwood Publishing Group I1   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
She seeks to `synthesize the Anglo-American Marxists' ideas emphasizing the origins of capitalism with the French Structuralist Marxism of Althusser's followers who emphasize the transition to socialism.
Applying French "Structuralist" analysis, she proposes a theoretical framework tying production relations to key issues in development.
The book also examines the structuralist theory of production modes, the concept of economic calculation, a new theory of prices, inflation in developing countries, and agricultural credit expansion, export subsidies, tenancy and labor laws, and land taxation.
info.greenwood.com /books/0275921/0275921042.html   (300 words)

  
 Post-structuralism - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
The substance of its existence is contentious; arguably it is a buzzword and often some combination of derogatory, hapless, and polemical in use.
Interest in structuralism in the United States drove a 1966 conference at Johns Hopkins University that invited scholars thought to be prominent structuralists, including Jacques Derrida, Roland Barthes, and Jacques Lacan.
The trouble was that by that point many invitees already flagged in their enthusiasm for structuralism.
www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Poststructuralism   (429 words)

  
 basil bernstein in frame: 'oh dear, is this a structuralist analysis' a paper by paul dowling of culture communication ...
Because Bernstein’s structuralist interpretation of school organisation is so differently conceived from other theories of the school, it does not lend itself easily to conventional empirical testing.
The main danger with such structuralist theories therefore is that they are not testable by the usual empiricist methods which deal by definition with ‘surface’ appearances or phenomena.
By taking the patterns of correlation as evidence of the existence of the codes, he appears to have missed the whole point of a structuralist approach, that it is not the size of the correlation that matters but its position within a patterned field of such relations.
www.ioe.ac.uk /ccs/dowling/kings1999   (9857 words)

  
 Learn more about Sociology in the online encyclopedia.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
Many theorists prefer to describe themselves as social theorists because they are critical of the sociological community or were not trained as sociologists.
Marxist theory, critical theory, post-colonial theory, feminist theory, structuralist theory, post-structuralist theory, queer theory, Postmodern theory, and other theories probably unmentioned have all at times been considered outside the mainstream of sociology and been referred to as social theory.
However, as all these theories have been adopted to some extent by mainstream sociology, distinctions are made less often.
www.onlineencyclopedia.org /s/so/sociology.html   (910 words)

  
 Catholic Biblical Quarterly, The: Logic of Incest: A Structuralist Analysis of Hebrew Mythology, The   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
SETH DANIEL KUNIN, The Logic of Incest: A Structuralist Analysis of Hebrew Mythology (JSOTSup 185; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995).
Kunin studies Hebrew narrative from a structuralist perspective, basing himself almost solely on the theoretical and methodological insights of Claude L6vi-Strauss.
In the final analysis, one has to decide whether holistic analysis of biblical narrative is an enterprise better accomplished by structuralist analysis or by an approach which is more appreciative of the empirical contexts out of which the texts, with all their fascinations and idiosyncracies, arose.
www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3679/is_199607/ai_n8753467   (923 words)

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