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Topic: Synonymy

	Synonymy in John 21
		We can never prove or disprove synonymy in the work of a deceased writer, since synonymy is, in fact, a mental perception, not a palpable reality.
		At best, we may say of a pair of words that they are potential synonyms, whose synonymy may or may not be detected by a certain person at a certain time.
		I (and others) have pointed out in earlier posts that the use of synonymy in John 21 (if we are correct in detecting it at all) is by no means limited to agapaO and phileO.
	www.ibiblio.org /bgreek/archives/greek-3/msg00366.html (669 words)

	Bird Data Project > About the data > Synonymy
		In terms of what should be included in a synonymy, we can consult the statement of taxonomic authorities, and the practice of earlier compilers of synonymies.
		Unfortunately, the exhaustive preparation of not only a complete synonymy but also of a listing of all references to previous publications with all possible binomial combinations (in the case of generic transfers) has become the misplaced ideal of scholarship for some taxonomists.
		It is a commomplace error to speak of “the synonymy” and “the synonyms” of a name, meaning only its rejected synonyms.
	worldbirdinfo.net /Aboutthedata/Synonymy/tabid/63/Default.aspx (2008 words)

	Is there synonymy in Ockham's mental language? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Logical synonymy seems to be at least as strong as common-or- garden conceptual synonymy, so that if we want to retain the notion of synonymy at all, we had best admit the possibility of logical synonymy, at least in written language.
		As with logical synonymy, the synonymy of two mental concepts that have drifted together is not in mental language to serve any need.
		It is more plausible that synonymy ought to be characterized purely semantically, in terms of the relationship between elements of language and their actual or possible referents.
	consc.net /papers/ockham.html (8171 words)

	Two Dogmas of Empiricism
		This account of synonymy, supposing it acceptable on other counts, has indeed the drawback of appealing to a prior conception of "word" which can be counted on to present difficulties of formulation in its turn.
		The type of cognitive synonymy required there is such as to equate the synonymy of 'bachelor' and 'unmarried man' with the analyticity of (3), not merely with the truth of (3).
		This is cognitive synonymy in a primary, broad sense.
	members.tripod.com /Lonego/quine/two_dogmas/quine_2dogmas.htm (8407 words)

	Beyond Synonymy
		These dimensions of semantic locality include term information (synonymy, hypernymy, hyponymy), contextual information in a particular source, co-occurence of terms in the medical literature, and the categorization of the concepts in a semantic network.
		Synonymy and lexical matching techniques are used to link terms together.
		Similar concepts (candidates for synonymy but not currently reviewed) can also be used in addition to the RO concepts.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /mesh/beyond.html (2683 words)

	Grice and Strawson: “In Defence of a Dogma”
		synonymy,” and in terms of which he allows that the notion of analyticity could at any rate be formally explained.
		BUT: if we can’t make sense of cognitive synonymy, then we can’t distinguish between “means the same as” and “does not mean the same as” (where these are distinct from coextensionality).
		synonymy by explicit convention, where a term is specifically created to be synonymous.
	spruce.flint.umich.edu /~simoncu/380/gricestraw.htm (1028 words)

	Synonymy
		“synonymy, synonymity, synonymousness -: the semantic relation that holds between two words that can (in a given context) express the same meaning”.
		Rubinstein, H. and Goodenough, J. Contextual Correlates of Synonymy.
		Sparck Jones, K. Synonymy and Semantic Classification, Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge, 1964; Cambridge Language Research Unit, Report ML 170, 1964; Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1986.
	www.db.dk /bh/Lifeboat_KO/CONCEPTS/synonymy.htm (732 words)

	Synonymy should be mutually symmetric \| drupal.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		That term A is related to terms B and C implies terms B and C are related to A. But B is not assumed to be related to C. On synonymy, I think this notion must be rectified by Drupal before it can be applied effectively to a loosely (user-) defined folksonomy or tagging application.
		That is, for example, the sense entry for term "presisent" should consist of chair, chairman, chairwoman and chairperson (even though I didn't explicitly declare a synonymy between the terms president and chairman, or chairwoman, chairperson, respectively).
		But this notion of synonymy (and perhaps other linguistic notions too) but be clarified and supported in order for Drupal to be applicable effectively to a community environment, where taxonomies, vocabularies are dynamicallly defined by just normal users, who will inevitably expand the boundary of synonymy.
	drupal.org /node/45930 (1288 words)

	On Quine's Arguments Concerning Analyticity
		He argues that neither of these approaches will give an adequate account of what synonymy is. Assuming that the disjunctive premise is exhaustive, and he is correct about each of the disjuncts, he concludes that there can be no adequate account of synonymy.
		The third sort of definition does indeed create genuine synonymy relations, but Quine seems to think that these cases are in some way importantly different from most of the alleged cases of synonymy.
		In general, Quine thinks that it is troubling for those that are committed to the existence of analytic truths, that all the attempted explications of what analyticity is somehow land the believer in a closed apparently circular definition of analyticity.
	www.sorites.org /Issue_15/baker.htm (5348 words)

	Vascular Plant Synonymy
		Or, slight and subtle variations in a species were named as new species before it was understood that many of these were merely the result of natural variation within the species.
		The resulting synonymy of this species includes a huge number of species, subspecies, and varieties that are still cause for headaches among botanists today.
		Thus, the importance of the synonymy to botanists, ecologists, naturalists, and conservationists is not likely to diminish in the near future.
	www.geog.ubc.ca /~brian/florae/VascularPlantSynonymy.html (762 words)

	Quine on Analyticity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Quine, however, does not believe that the notion of synonymy is clear, and proceeds to examine four explanations of synonymy, explanations which appeal to: (1) definition, (2) interchangeability, (3) semantic rules, and (4) the verification theory of meaning.
		The verification theory of meaning holds that the meaning of a statement is the method of confirming it; therefore, analytic means always confirmed and synonymy means statements that ‘are alike in point of method of empirical confirmation’ (1951:35).
		Grice and Strawson, however, provide a definition of synonymy that seems to escape this objection: statements A and B are synonymous if and only if A has the same method of verification as B for all possible truth-values of every other sentence in the language.
	www.frozenfrontier.com /quine.htm (1638 words)

	Genus Strumigenys (Subfamily Myrmicinae) - Online Catalog of Ants of North America (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Synonymy: Brown, W.L.& Wilson, 1959b: 281; Brown, W.L. 1960c: 37; Bolton, 1983: 358.
		Synonymy: Emery, 1895d: 326; Brown, W.L. 1953g: 28.
		Synonymy: Smith, M.R. 1951c: 826; Brown, W.L. 1953g: 28.
	www.cs.unc.edu /~hedlund/ants/GenusPages/Myrmicinae/Genus272-long.html (1068 words)

	ON PAREMIOLOGICAL HOMONYMY AND SYNONYMY
		The absence of an indissoluble bond between the sign and the referent provides the fundamental basis for the existence of homonymy and synonymy, phenomena inherent in any set of signs, including, no doubt, signs of the natural languages.
		Paremia, then, like other language signs, posses the properties of homonymy and synonymy, and this must be taken into account in recording and analysing paremiological items.
		To avoid homonymy, it is not sufficient (in a dictionary or collection) to just cite a folk saying or a quotation, it is necessary to indicate to which paremiological type it belongs, i.e.
	www.deproverbio.com /DPjournal/DP,3,2,97/PERMJAKOV/HOMONYMY.html (572 words)

	Jim Hurford, - 2003 - Why Synonymy is Rare: Fitness is in the Speaker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hurford, J. (2003) Why Synonymy is Rare: Fitness is in the Speaker.
		Human avoidance of synonymy is plausibly innate, as theorists of differing persuasions have claimed.
		Innate dispositions to synonymy and homonymy are modelled here, in relation to alternative roles of speaking and hearing in determining fitness.
	www.isrl.uiuc.edu /~amag/langev/paper/hurford03ECAL.html (194 words)

	Synonymy and Contextual Disambiguation of Words
		The paper describes the development of a suite of computer programs to determine and reduce ambiguity in text, and to enable the computer to correctly relate a variety of synonyms to a single concept.
		Consequently, it is sufficient to establish a similarity in the meanings of any two variants from two separate stems to establish synonymy between the stems concerned.
		The individual synonym groups in Roget's Thesaurus correspond to the semantic classification in Jones's [ref 23] Synonymy and Semantic Classification, K.
	www.cs.nott.ac.uk /~ceilidh/papers/Disamb.html (7158 words)

	9. Synonymy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		However, names included in these floras due to misidentification will not be treated as synonyms, although they should be mentioned in the discussion if deemed useful (see section 22).
		Synonyms of taxa occurring outside of China, and those for which the status is uncertain, should not be included in synonymy.
		At the specific and infraspecific levels the complete bibliographic citation of synonyms is to be given only for basionyms of recognized taxa, and the author(s) alone will be given for other synonyms.
	hua.huh.harvard.edu /china/guide-94/guide009.htm (303 words)

	Confidence degree in a synonymy relation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Symbols for levels of confidence are rendered in parentheses if inferred from a statement by the author and without parentheses if explicitly stated by the author
		Both relations should be read: Gosse (1860) indicated the possible synonymy of Cerianthus vermicularis (Forbes in Johnston, 1847) with Cerianthus lloydii Gosse, 1859.
		In case B, Cerianthus vermicularis (E. Forbes) Gosse, 1860 is rendered on white because it is not part of the synonymy, but the name is listed because the name C.
	web.nhm.ku.edu /inverts/syngraph/beta/confidence_codes.htm (194 words)

	Synonymy of two Marcusenius species
		Morphological and electro-physiological evidence for the synonymy of two Marcusenius species (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae) from West Central Africa
		A study of the electric organ and the electric organ discharge of specimens originating from both systems confirmed this.
		Une étude de l’organe électrique et de la décharge électrique de spécimens provenant des deux bassins a confirmé cette synonymie.
	www.mnhn.fr /sfi/cybium/numeros/french/253/08.sumteugels.html (224 words)

	Integrating SNOMED CT into the UMLS: An Exploration of Different Views of Synonymy and Quality of Editing -- Fung et ...
		synonymy that were different because the two vocabulary systems
		UMLS is organized according to one view of synonymy, but its
		curation is still the main method of determining synonymy.
	www.jamia.org /cgi/content/abstract/12/4/486 (391 words)

	UCD Entomology: Ward Lab- subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae
		The pseudomyrmecine larva has a trophothylax or "food pocket", a unique structure located on the ventral surface of the thorax, in which the workers place small food particles.
		= Pseudomyrmidae Forel, 1885 (synonymy by Ward, 1990)
		= Ornatinoda Enzmann, 1944 (synonymy by Ward, 1990)
	entomology.ucdavis.edu /faculty/ward/pseudo.html (1057 words)

	Synonymy
		In addition, a collection of his short plays has just been selected for publication.
		The Department of Theatre and Dance has entered Synonymy as a participating production with KCACTF; if selected, it will be performed in January at the Region V Festival in Fargo/Moorhead with the possibility that it will be selected for a performance at the Kennedy Center.
		Playwright Randy Wyatt, who played the title character in the MSU production of Galileo, will have his collection of short plays published through Playscripts, Inc., which is considered more and more to be the hottest publisher of contemporary work around.
	www.mnsu.edu /theatre/season/past/archive/s/synonymy.html (434 words)

	Synonymy quiz -- free game
		If you were to describe a 'sycophant', what term might you use?
		By now, you should have grasped the concept of synonymy.
		So which of these words would synonymous with 'synonymy'?
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=196398 (204 words)

	Synonymy - definition from Biology-Online.org
		A chronological list of taxonomic names which have been applied to a single taxon, including authors and dates.
		When this includes bibliographic references for the name = full bibliographical Synonymy.
		This page was last modified 21:16, 3 October 2005.
	www.biology-online.org /dictionary/Synonymy (122 words)

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