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Topic: Tangiwai disaster

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Tangiwai

Whangaehu River

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Mount Ruapehu

Lahar

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Train disaster

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Mike Moore

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	Tangiwai disaster - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Tangiwai disaster was the worst rail accident in New Zealand history.
		Evidence given at the commission of enquiry into the disaster revealed that the midstream piers of the railway bridge had been undermined by previous sudden floods, from as early as 1925.
		The cause of the lahar that led to the disaster was believed to be the overtopping and sudden collapse of a natural volcanic ash dam that had blocked the outlet of the crater lake on top of Mount Ruapehu.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Tangiwai (364 words)

	Natural Disasters Encyclopedia Article @ Befall.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A Lahar is a type of natural disaster closely related to a volcanic eruption, and involves a large amount of material, including mud, rock, and ash sliding down the side of the volcano at a rapid pace.
		The Tangiwai disaster is an excellent example, as is the one which killed an estimated 23,000 people in Armero, Colombia, during the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz.
		A landslide is a disaster closely related to an avalanche, but instead of occurring with snow, it occurs involving actual elements of the ground, including rocks, trees, parts of houses, and anything else which may happen to be swept up.
	www.befall.net /encyclopedia/Natural_disasters (2454 words)

	Tangiwai 1953 - New Zealand Disasters - Kids - Christchurch City Libraries
		The noise of the disaster was loud enough to be heard 10 kilometres away at Waiouru.
		Tangiwai Rail disaster from the Transport Accident Investigation Commission.
		Responding to Tragedy: the Police at Tangiwai, Wahine and Mt Erebus disasters, from NZ History.Net of the Ministry for Culture and Heritage, 2002.
	library.christchurch.org.nz /Childrens/NZDisasters/Tangiwai.asp (988 words)

	Tangiwai disaster - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The hero of the Tangiwai railway accident, Cyril Ellis is greatly thanked by the survivors he had saved as when he noticed the railway bridge has collapsed.
		Tangiwai Memorial, showing the replica of the number plate of the ill-fated steam engine, K
		Evidence given at the commission of enquiry yoogasoogi into the disaster revealed that the midstream piers of the railway bridge had been undermined by previous sudden floods, from as early as 1925.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tangiwai_disaster (507 words)

	Danger Ahead! Tangiwai, New Zealand, 1953
		It is probable that the driver saw his frantic efforts to avert disaster as subsequent examination of the locomotive showed that the brakes had been applied.
		As a consequence of this disaster and in an attempt to avoid a similar disaster in the future detection equipment was installed some way upstream of the Tangiwai bridge in the bed of the Wangaehu river.
		In 1957 the Tangiwai National Memorial was erected in Karori Cemetry.
	danger-ahead.railfan.net /accidents/tangiwai/home.html (503 words)

	Tangiwai Disaster Memorial, Historic Graves and Monuments - Ministry for Culture and Heritage
		The worst railway disaster in New Zealand's history occurred on Christmas Eve 1953 when the Wellington-Auckland night express plunged into the flooded Whangaehu River just west of Tangiwai, 8 km west of Waiouru.
		The Tangiwai National Memorial, designed by government architect F. Gordon Wilson, was unveiled at Karori Cemetery on 26 March 1957.
		Another memorial was eventually erected at the scene of the disaster in June 1989.
	www.mch.govt.nz /emblems/monuments/tangiwai.html (206 words)

	Tangiwai Railway Disaster - NZHistory.net.nz
		Tangiwai was the world's eighth biggest rail disaster and it dominated headlines world-wide.
		The police response to disaster: Tangiwai, Wahine and Erebus (NZHistory.net.nz)
		NZHistory.net.nz is produced by the History Group of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
	www.nzhistory.net.nz /culture/tangiwai (669 words)

	Natural Disaster Encyclopedia Article @ Befell.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		New Delhi, Oct 27: A natural disaster information dissemination system to alert people within seconds on mobile phones, claimed to be the first in the world...
		The resulting loss depend on the capacity of the population to support or resist the disaster, their resilience
		In modern times, famine has hit Sub-Saharan Africa the hardest, although the number of victims of modern famines is much smaller than the number of people killed by the Asian famines of the 20th century.
	www.befell.org /encyclopedia/Natural_disaster (2462 words)

	Volcanoes - Tarawera
		There were 285 people on the train that night, 134 survived and 151 died, of those that died 20 bodies were never recovered, it is believed they were washed out to sea over 120 kilometres away.
		The cause of the lahar that lead to the disaster was believed to be the overtopping and sudden collapse of a natural volcanic ash dam that had blocked the outlet of the crater lake on top of Mount Ruapehu.
		In 1953, a lahar swept away the Tangiwai rail bridge, causing 151 deaths when a train plunged into the river.
	www.anheizen.com /volcanoes/index.php?content=tangiwai.php (2037 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		An volcanic eruption and the subsequent flow of water, mud, trees knocked out the Tangiwai bridge between Wellington and Auckland.
		The Christmas Eve express train plunged into the river before the operators could be notified of the washout.
		Lahars, or rivulets of lava, coursed down a river bed and knocked out the bridge over the Tangiwai River, causing the wreck of the Wellington-Auckland express train.
	www.disastershq.com /todayhistorymore.asp?more=Tangiwai (65 words)

	Ruapehu Eruption Resources: February 1998
		At Tangiwai itself, where the main road bridge is being raised 2m at a cost of $4.5 million, the 50-year-old rail bridge alongside it is also vulnerable.
		"Tangiwai was the worst we have seen but Tangiwai is actually a small one compared to what it has done in the past and there's been no warning system for people.
		One of its victims is expected to be the Tangiwai disaster memorial.
	url.co.nz /resources/ruapehu/more_lahar_news_stories.html (9721 words)

	www.predictweather.com -\|- The home of long range forecasting
		The subsequent inquiry concluded that the disaster had been due “entirely to capricious nature”.
		The question is whether or not the potential for the disaster at Tangiwai was in the date and the Moon's angle.
		Maybe a warning sign sign came with events in the area for the prior week that tectonic movement was on the move in the area.
	predictweather.com /articles.asp?ID=28 (2231 words)

	Calamities and Catastrophes: Unit Plan [English Online]
		The disasters used in Part One are from New Zealand history and all have different natural causes.
		All the reading for each disaster must be completed before the writing can begin and the writing must be in their own words - not copied from the readings.
		If wall space is difficult some presentations could go into clearfiles or booklets that other students could take to read and each student could select one piece of their work to go on the wall.
	english.unitecnology.ac.nz /resources/units/disasters/home.html (1066 words)

	Notebook: Bookclub Book Review - Weeping Waters
		Now, 50 years after the Tangiwai disaster, Mount Ruapehu is once again showing signs of volcanic activity, with temperatures within the crater lake rising steadily.
		She is also fascinated by the stories of those who were involved in the Tangiwai disaster, either as survivors or as rescuers.
		Discuss the different ways the survivors of the Tangiwai disaster come to terms with their experience, particularly those who lost loved ones.
	www.notebookmagazine.com /bookclub/article/377/Weeping-Waters (709 words)

	The Ruapehu lahar emergency response plan development process
		The relatively short time window (by natural disaster standards) from now until the onset of the event (within a few years) can reduce the opportunity for complacency to set in, but only if there is a high level of commitment to developing and testing appropriate response procedures and mechanisms.
		Some skills and competencies required to effectively manage and operate in a disaster response situation are unique and, in certain areas, may not conform to the standard practises of emergency response agencies.
		At Tangiwai the rail bridge was destroyed resulting in a train falling into the swollen river with the loss of 151 lives.
	www.massey.ac.nz /~trauma/issues/2004-1/galley.htm (12339 words)

	Natural Disaster Portal @ Pitiless.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The International Day for Natural Disaster would be observed on Wednesday and the theme for this years celebration is Disaster Reduction Begin at School in...
		Natural disasters, like the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, are caused by the phenomena found in Category:Natural hazards, like earthquakes.
		Why the US Is Becoming More Vulnerable to Natural Disasters - Despite increases in what we know about natural disasters and how to protect ourselves against them, population growth continues along the coasts, where loss of life and property from these disasters are greatest.
	www.pitiless.org (1809 words)

	[No title]
		Find out about one or more of these disasters and the impact it had on the people who survived it, and the rest of the country.
		You may like to include the events of the disaster, background information that may be useful, interviews, impact of the community, cost.
		Hopefully you will have a better understanding of at least one of these disasters and the impact it had on the people who survived it.
	www.tki.org.nz /r/ict/ictpd/downloads/disasters_webquest.doc (598 words)

	Historic volcanic activity - Ruapehu and the Tangiwai disaster - Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand
		An eye-witness account of the Tangiwai disaster (1st of 2)
		Prince Philip attended the state funeral for 21 unidentified victims, and the queen presented Cyril Ellis and John Holman with the George Medal, and William Inglis and Arthur Bell with the British Empire Medal.
		A commission of inquiry into the disaster later determined that the lahar could not have been anticipated.
	www.teara.govt.nz /EarthSeaAndSky/NaturalHazardsAndDisasters/HistoricVolcanicActivity/5/en (630 words)

	Novel stirs Tangiwai memories - CENTRAL NORTH ISLAND : LOCAL NEWS - STORY : New Zealand's leading news and information ...
		Several others who were there at the time also agreed with this theory, but nothing will be done to verify it as it's too emotional and too logistically hard to do, he says.
		The whole subject was raised after the release of Mrs Nicholson's new novel Weeping Waters about the Tangiwai disaster and the ongoing issues that surround it.
		The story of Tangiwai has always fascinated her and having spent most of her teenage years living in Taumarunui, the subject was very close to home
	www.stuff.co.nz /centralnorthisland/0,2106,3834701a6663,00.html (472 words)

	disasters.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The great marble quay sank down with hundreds of people on it: every ship in the harbour was engulfed, and neither wreckage nor bodies ever came to the surface.
		Documentary filmmakers NOVA take you behind the scenes during the filming of footage for their natural disaster series.
		Earlier this century, a lahar carried away the train bridge at Tangiwai.
	www.users.on.net /~chakra/disasters.html (407 words)

	[No title]
		The Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh were visiting New Zealand at the time of the disaster.
		They were able to meet some of the survivors, and the Duke of Edinburgh attended a state funeral for many of the victims in Wellington.
		Tangiwai means weeping waters in Maori, and every Christmas Eve, as the train crosses the bridge at Tangiwai, it slows down and a bunch of flowers is thrown into the water in memory of those who lost their lives in the tragedy of 1953.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~glaive/nz/pages/tangiwa.htm (1075 words)

	TKI - TKI Hot Topic
		Tangiwai, Tarawera, Wahine, Erebus – over its history, New Zealand has had several tragedies.
		Students are asked to develop an effective method of educating an individual or community about disasters and preparing them for the effects of disasters such as injury and damage.
		This site lists the natural disasters which have occurred in New Zealand since 1968, including storms, floods, tornadoes, and snowstorms, and the costs to the insurance industry arising from these events.
	www.tki.org.nz:8008 /r/hot_topics/disasters_e.php (816 words)

	NZ Folk Song * Pillows of the Dead
		Each morning the young local men took turns to come down the river in pairs looking for the Tangiwai victims who had been buried in the mud, and who floated to the surface as their bodies swelled.
		About a year after the train disaster, the skeleton of one of these latter victims was found in the eroding mud at the river edge.
		All that stuff you read in books about the Tangiwai disaster, about pulling people out of the mud at the edge of the river beside the wrecked train that night, all that was nothing to what the Mangamahu people did further down the river, for weeks on end, and which never got reported.
	folksong.org.nz /pillows/index.html (1247 words)

	Anne's NZ Guiding Pages - Christmas Down Under (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A sadly memorable year for New Zealand was the year of the Tangiwai rail disaster.
		A rail bridge was swept away at a small place called Tangiwai just moments before the Wellington-Auckland train had to travel that part of the track, and despite heroic efforts to try and warn the train 151 lives were lost, making this the worst NZ volcanic disaster of the 20th century.
		The Tangiwai disaster was mentioned in the Queen's Christmas speech that year.
	www.azmetro.com /nzchris2.html (328 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		There were 285 people on board the train, 151 of them died in the disaster.
		More information on the Tangiwai Disaster can be found on the following websites: http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/Gallery/Tangiwai/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangiwai_disaster http://danger-ahead.railfan.net/accidents/tangiwai/home.html http://library.christchurch.org.nz/Childrens/NZDisasters/Tangiwai.asp DESCRIPTION OF HOW THIS IMAGE WAS CREATED: Extensive research into NZGR Ka class Locomotives was done to enable the modelling of an accurate locomotive.
		The locomotive and tender are based almost entirely on known and derived dimensions for a Ka class locomotive (there are approximately 80 defined constants for various dimensions of the locomotive and tender).
	www.irtc.org /ftp/pub/stills/2005-04-30/ka949.txt (215 words)

	Scoop: Tangiwai - Governor Gen's speech & Queen's message
		But on the night of Christmas Eve 1953, a tragic accident occurred here at Tangiwai that dramatically changed the mood of a nation.
		On the last day of the royal tour the Queen awarded Cyril Ellis and John Holman the George Medal for their heroic rescue efforts at Tangiwai.
		I know that there will be many at the ceremony whose lives were changed for ever by the events of that night.
	www.scoop.co.nz /stories/PA0312/S00510.htm (871 words)

	Geocaching Australia - Free and Open Geocaching
		Interestingly we saw the history of the Tangiwai disaster on the TV later the same day on Marcus Lush's "Off the Rails" programme.
		Looking up at the mountain the whole disaster seems a lot closer particularly now they are talking about another Lahar coming down at any time.
		Thanks Squeekybobo - I have heard many tales of the Tangiwai disaster so it was nice to have a cache there to get me to visit the memorial.
	geocaching.com.au /cache/gch1xe (1752 words)

	NEW ZEALAND DISASTERS - TANGIWAI RAIL DISASTER - 1953 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		To this day, each Christmas Eve, a wreath is thrown from a train into the river as the train crosses the new bridge at Tangiwai.
		Flood warning devices are in place on both the road and rail bridges at Tangiwai and also on the flood plain on the Desert Road (State Highway One) between Waiouru and Turangi.
		The following are some of the survivors from the Tangiwai disaster.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~sooty/tangiwai.html (394 words)

	NZDF - December (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		One of the most extensive but least known naval disasters of the Second World Warn happened on the night of 19 December 1941.
		The Cruiser HMS Neptune ran into an uncharted minefield in the Mediterranean off Tripoli, and sank, losing 764 officers and men.
		The worst railway disaster in NZ's history occurred on Christmas Eve 1953 when the Wellington-Auckland night express plunged into the flooded Whangaehu River just west of Tangiwai, 8 km west of Waiouru.
	www.nzdf.mil.nz /news/did-you-know/dec.htm (342 words)

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