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Topic: Technological singularity

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	Technological Singularity
		Technological singularity is the coming together, the convergence of four technologies that promises to alter the form, substance, and direction of human nature and civilization forever.
		The estimate for significant technological singularity is somewhere between 2030 to 2050.
		Technological singularity, at its core, is a profound spiritual challenge.
	www.cadi.ph /Editorials/Editorial_Singularity.htm (1534 words)

	Learn more about Technological singularity in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		It has been speculated that the key to such a rapid increase in technological sophistication will be the development of superhuman intelligence, either by directly enhancing existing human minds (perhaps with cybernetics), or by building artificial intelligences.
		The technological singularity is sometimes referred to as the "Rapture of the Nerds" by detractors of the idea.
		The Singularity Institute was formed to assure that the singularity occurs, and that it be 'friendly' to human beings.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /t/te/technological_singularity.html (1321 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The technological singularity is a term with multiple related, but conceptually distinct, definitions.
		One definition has the Singularity as a time at which technological progress accelerates beyond the ability of current-day human beings to understand.
		Belief in the singularity was reinforced by Moore's Law in the computer industry.
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/t/te/technological_singularity.html (1222 words)

	Technological Singularity
		The Technological Singularity is the hypothesized creation, usually via AI or brain-computer interfaces, of smarter-than-human entities who rapidly accelerate technological progress beyond the capability of human beings to participate meaningfully in said progress.
		Technological Singularity refers to the hypothetical construction of a “smarter-than-human entity” who, upon its creation, will enable rapid technological growth.
		The concept of the Technological Singularity is that technology is used to create new and more powerful technologies, and this creates a positive feedback cycle.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/technological-singularity.html (321 words)

	Light Millennium: John SMART - Seeking the Universal Drivers of Accelerating Change
		Technological singularity, the condition of fully autonomous, human-equivalent machine intelligence, is coming soon, by many accounts circa 2040, whether we are ready for it or not.
		Yet, given the pre-existing singularity literature, the one unique idea that the technological singularity proposes is its first one: that general technological change must soon capture and permanently exceed even the highest-level features of human biological intelligence and autonomy.
		Singularities have been studied for over a century within the theoretical discipline of mathematics, for mathematical singularities and within the applied disciplines of general relativity and mathematical physics for cosmological singularities.
	www.lightmillennium.org /summer_02/jsmart_tech_singularity.html (2322 words)

	The Singularity in the Orion's Arm setting
		setting is the concept of a technological-toposophic singularity, which basically refers to the opportunity for sentient beings to ascend or transcend from their ordinary state of existence to a higher, vastly superhuman state that is incomprehensible to beings of lower or sub- singularity levels.
		The Singularity is thus the point at which the rate of technological progress becomes exponential, and beyond the comprehension of human beings.
		The Singularity represents a transitional state or quantum leap of intelligence and civilization, but it is not the consummation of the life and intelligence on Earth (the so-called technorapture, with its religious-messianic overtones) Civilization still continues.
	www.orionsarm.com /intro/Singularity.html (980 words)

	The approaching technological singularity?
		Singularity is technically a mathematical term, perhaps best described as akin to what happens on world maps in a standard atlas.
		The singularity on the edge of the map is nothing compared to the singularity at the center of a fl hole.
		Another definition is used by extropians, who say it denotes "the singular time when technological development will be at its fastest." From an environmental perspective, the Singularity can be thought of as the point at which technology and nature become one.
	www.crawford2000.co.uk /sing.htm (3383 words)

	Technology Runs Amok - Exploring The 'Singularity'
		The near-future results of exponential technological growth will be staggering: the merging of biological and nonbiological entities in bio-robotics, plants and animals engineered to grow pharmaceutical drugs, software-based "life," smart robots, and atom-sized machines that self-replicate like living matter.
		Singularity is technically a mathematical term, perhaps best described as akin to what happens on world maps in a standard atlas.
		The singularity on the edge of the map is nothing compared to the singularity at the center of a fl hole.
	www.rense.com /general69/explor.htm (3383 words)

	Staring into the Singularity 1.2.5
		At the old rate of progress, when the original Singularity calculations were performed in 1988 (3), computers were expected to reach human-equivalent levels - 10^17 floating-point operations per second, or one hundred petaflops - at around 2035.
		After all, the Singularity is ultimately as far beyond me, the author, as it is beyond any other human, and so my PTs will be as worthless a description as the doubling sequence discarded so long ago.
		The Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Inc. has been incorporated as a nonprofit with the express purpose of coding a seed AI.
	yudkowsky.net /singularity.html (11119 words)

	The Law of Accelerating Returns
		So, the technological progress in the twenty-first century will be equivalent to what would require (in the linear view) on the order of 200 centuries.
		The Singularity is technological change so rapid and so profound that it represents a rupture in the fabric of human history.
		One of the principal assumptions underlying the expectation of the Singularity is the ability of nonbiological mediums to emulate the richness, subtlety, and depth of human thinking.
	www.kurzweilai.net /articles/art0134.html?printable=1 (6430 words)

	Exploring The "Singularity" JAMES JOHN BELL /The Futurist 1may03
		Singularity pioneer Vernor Vinge argues that successive innovations will occur in progressively shorter time frames as each new technology increases in power and converges with others, as when advances in the life sciences are accelerated by increasing computer power.
		Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence (www.singinst.org) is a nonprofit organization based in Atlanta, Georgia, devoted solely to creating the Singularity by direct research into Singularity technologies and direct implementation of the Singularity.
		Singularity Watch (www.singularitywatch.com) shares news, events, and editorials helpful to understanding the accelerating progression to the Singularity; planning for, investing in, and managing its balanced development; and improving human interdependence and ethics.
	www.mindfully.org /Technology/2003/Singularity-Bell1may03.htm (3960 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Future: Transhumanism: Singularity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence - Nonprofit organization devoted to creating, discussing and coordinating singularity-related efforts, and publish introductory material and research papers on the topic.
		Singularity Watch - "A 'Singularity Watcher' is neither absolutely convinced -- nor uncritically happy -- that the Singularity is going to happen, but they do believe this issue deserves serious scientific investigation." A website with interesting information on accelerating change and the Singularity.
		Vernor Vinge on the Singularity - The 1993 NASA lecture by Vernor Vinge, inventor of the Singularity concept.
	dmoz.org /Society/Future/Transhumanism/Singularity (445 words)

	The Coming Technological Singularity
		Von Neumann even uses the term singularity, though it appears he is thinking of normal progress, not the creation of superhuman intellect.
		In the coming of the Singularity, we are seeing the predictions of _true_ technological unemployment finally come true.
		The problem is not simply that the Singularity represents the passing of humankind from center stage, but that it contradicts our most deeply held notions of being.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /faculty/vinge/misc/singularity.html (5357 words)

	The Socio-technological Singularity
		The inside of a "fl hole" is an example of a singularity in the geometry of space.
		Similarly, the Big Bang, the beginning of the universe, is a singularity in time, and no amount of extrapolation can describe what happened before this singular event.
		proposed that technological innovation is racing towards a singularity.
	pespmc1.vub.ac.be /SINGULAR.html (1142 words)

	SIMPLER Technological Singularity Equations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The singularity recedes farther and farther into the future, but never actually goes away.
		In that limit (n/(n-t))^n does indeed become e^t (the limit is the classic definition of e^t), and the singularity vanishes to infinitely far into the future.
		But for any exponent even slightly greater than 1 there is a singularity, just far away.
	www.frc.ri.cmu.edu /~hpm/project.archive/robot.papers/2003/singularity2.html (167 words)

	Technological Singularity - Wolf's Perspective (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This rate of technological growth is the essence of "The Last Generation," as Sir Arthur C. Clarke put it in his 1953 novel Childhood's End (1), which, when examined from the year 2001, is a wonderfully discerning (typical of Clarke) account of just what Technological Singularity could mean for humanity.
		The earlier a futurist pins a date on the singularity, the more likely the scenario is one of the "hard takeoff" types, where machines simply wake up and leave their human counterparts behind (in one of the more benign scenarios of this kind).
		This is due to the idea of compounding technological effects, where one growing technology spurs on the development of others not in a single line that ignores the technologies around it, but nearly polylaterally.
	www.sff.net /people/windrummer/ReadWebSite/LastGeneration2001.html (6170 words)

	What is the Singularity? \| The Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence
		Some discussions of the Singularity suppose that the critical moment in history is not when human-equivalent AI first comes into existence but a few years later when the continued grinding of Moore's Law produces AI minds twice or four times as fast as human.
		This is the hardest part of the Singularity to discuss – it's easy to look at a neuron and a transistor and say that one is slow and one is fast, but the mind is harder to understand.
		Sometimes discussion of the Singularity tends to focus on faster brains or bigger brains because brains are relatively easy to argue about compared to minds; easier to visualize and easier to describe.
	www.singinst.org /overview/whatisthesingularity (1778 words)

	What Is The Technological Singularity - Singularity Investor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		For example, in astronomy, a "fl hole" is called a "singularity" because the size of the fl hole shrinks to 0, thus its density goes to infinity.
		Vernor Vinge, the science fiction author, discusses the concept of technological singularity at great length the VISION-21 Symposium sponsored by NASA Lewis Research Center and the Ohio Aerospace Institute, March 30-31, 1993.
		Technological evolution again brought fundamentally new forms, such as the "microprocessor vendor" niche (dominated by Intel) and the "independent software vendor" niche (dominated by Microsoft).
	singularityinvestor.com /singularity.php?r=1129602790&a=968414075 (3886 words)

	Technological Singularity...Inanot.com
		Shortly thereafter, the human era will be ended." Vinge's singularity is commonly misunderstood to mean technological progress will rise to infinity, as happens in a mathematical singularity.
		Other technologies, (e.g.: a globally-connected high-bandwidth wireless communication fabric; and a global cesspool of virus/worm-infected, networked computers), while not likely to cause the Singularity themselves, are regarded as signs of levels of technological advancement assumed to precipitate the Singularity.
		This is a major issue concerning both Singularity advocates and critics, and was the subject of an article by Bill Joy appearing in Wired Magazine, ominously titled Why the future doesn't need us (http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.04/joy.html).
	www.inanot.com /technologicalsingularity.html (2002 words)

	Kevin Kelly -- The Technium
		Since all the technological trends and changes of our world now are the trend lines that lead directly to the singularity, it's quite reasonable to state that all the reactions to those trends and changes are just the precursors of the much larger reactions that will result from the much larger changes to come.
		The term "Singularity" is not in analogy to a mathematical singularity where a function approaches infinity as a limit, but in analogy to the breakdown that occurs in our model of the laws of physics when we try to figure out what happens at the center of a fl hole.
		Vinge's Singularity is an absolute threshold, not an affect of accelerating anything; it happens when the upper bound on intelligence that has held since the dawn of Homo sapiens in its modern form, the past fifty thousand years, ceases to hold.
	www.kk.org /thetechnium/archives/2006/02/the_singularity.php (7609 words)

	The Singularity
		The Singularity is a common matter of discussion in transhumanist circles.
		There is no clear definition, but usually the Singularity is meant as a future time when societal, scientific and economic change is so fast we cannot even imagine what will happen from our present perspective, and when humanity will become posthumanity.
		Another definition is used in the Extropians FAQ, where it denotes the singular time when technological development will be at its fastest.
	www.aleph.se /Trans/Global/Singularity (303 words)

	Technological Singularity
		Such an approach is advocated by the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence to create what they call "Friendly AI" (http://www.singinst.org), and is also defended by Nick Bostrom in a recent paper on AI ethics (http://www.nickbostrom.com/ethics/ai.html).
		Rather than technological leaps based on a few basic discoveries, what usually occurs is a large series of smaller developments that come together.
		I think it's a race between the technological singularity and the biological one.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?p=67503 (1235 words)

	What is the Technological Singularity?
		The term "Technological Singularity" was coined by analogy to the singularity in the center of a fl hole, where the forces of nature become so intense and unpredictable that our ability to calculate the behavior of matter in these circumstances drops to zero.
		However, this notion of the singularity is not the same as Vinge intended; referring to the emergence of superhuman intelligence, along with superhuman thinking speeds.
		Due to their superhuman genius and the technologies they could rapidly develop, the actions of intelligences emerging from a Technological Singularity could result in either the extinction or the liberation of our entire species, depending on the attitudes of the most powerful superhuman intelligences towards human beings.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-the-technological-singularity.htm (697 words)

	Omega Point Institute \| Jonathan McGregor Bethel \| Transhumanism - Technological Singularity - Future - Consciousness - ...
		This “Event Horizon” is called a “Technological Singularity” because all mathematical models utilized to predict our technological development break down at this moment, and they cease to give us a clear picture of what might lie beyond it.
		The '''Consciousness Singularity''' refers to a hypothetical point of time in the future when human consciousness, at both the personal and species level, experiences an abrupt transition, a phase transition of sorts, into a collective state of transcendence that is conceptually impossible for us to imagine "what it's like" with our current limited cognitive abilities.
		The term "Singularity", as used in this article's context, is an analogy to the well-known singularity in physics, the fl hole, where you cannot see beyond the event horizon because light cannot escape from it.
	omegapoint.org (4624 words)

	The Anti-Singularity
		According to Vinge, this technological singularity could virtually overnight change our reality to something drastically different from what preceded the event, and be utterly unpredictable in its results.
		Vinge has published a substantial paper on his Technological Singularity, first at the VISION-21 Symposium, sponsored by the NASA Lewis Research Center and the Ohio Aerospace Institute, and then later in the Dec 10, 1993 issue of the Whole Earth Review.
		The cyborgs will be fraught with many thorny technological and psychological problems for decades to come-- maybe even for most of the next several centuries-- not to mention that our present cyborg supporting technologies are crude at best.
	www.jrmooneyham.com /sing.html (6185 words)

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